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About Psalms 51

David's psalm of repentance after the prophet Nathan confronted him over Bathsheba: a plea for mercy, washing, and a clean heart created within. It confesses that sacrifice alone is not what God desires — the sacrifices of God are a broken spirit and a contrite heart, which He will not despise.

Listen to Psalms 51 with verse-by-verse audio highlighting.

Read Psalms 51 in modern English — World English Bible (19 verses)

The player above streams this page’s licensed translation, and its text loads in the interactive reader. For reading and comparison, here is the same chapter in the public-domain World English Bible (WEB):

1 Have mercy on me, God, according to your loving kindness. According to the multitude of your tender mercies, blot out my transgressions.

2 Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity. Cleanse me from my sin.

3 For I know my transgressions. My sin is constantly before me.

4 Against you, and you only, have I sinned, and done that which is evil in your sight; that you may be proved right when you speak, and justified when you judge.

5 Behold, I was born in iniquity. In sin my mother conceived me.

6 Behold, you desire truth in the inward parts. You teach me wisdom in the inmost place.

7 Purify me with hyssop, and I will be clean. Wash me, and I will be whiter than snow.

8 Let me hear joy and gladness, That the bones which you have broken may rejoice.

9 Hide your face from my sins, and blot out all of my iniquities.

10 Create in me a clean heart, O God. Renew a right spirit within me.

11 Don’t throw me from your presence, and don’t take your holy Spirit from me.

12 Restore to me the joy of your salvation. Uphold me with a willing spirit.

13 Then I will teach transgressors your ways. Sinners shall be converted to you.

14 Deliver me from the guilt of bloodshed, O God, the God of my salvation. My tongue shall sing aloud of your righteousness.

15 Lord, open my lips. My mouth shall declare your praise.

16 For you don’t delight in sacrifice, or else I would give it. You have no pleasure in burnt offering.

17 The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit. A broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise.

18 Do well in your good pleasure to Zion. Build the walls of Jerusalem.

19 Then you will delight in the sacrifices of righteousness, in burnt offerings and in whole burnt offerings. Then they will offer bulls on your altar.

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Study tools for Psalms 51

Cross-references, Hebrew word study, and what the Early Church wrote about Psalms 51. Tap any section to expand — or right-click any verse for the full interactive study panel.

Psalms 51 study resources: word-by-word Hebrew interlinear with Strong's numbers, 27 cross-references, 5 Early-Church citations.

Cross-references in Psalms 51 (27)

See the full cross-reference index →

Hebrew interlinear — Psalms 51:1–19 (141 words)
1
  1. חָנֵּ֣נִיḥonnēnîchanan: (properly) to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferiorH2603
  2. אֱלֹהִ֣יםʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  3. כְּחַסְדֶּ֑ךָkĕḥasdekācheced: kindness; (by implication, towards God) pietyH2617
  4. כְּרֹ֥בkĕrōbrob: abundance (in any respect)H7230
  5. רַ֝חֲמֶ֗יךָraḥămêkāracham: compassion (in the plural); (by extension) the womb (as cherishing the fetus)H7356
  6. מְחֵ֣הmĕḥēmachah: (properly) to stroke or rub; (by implication) to eraseH4229
  7. פְשָׁעָֽי׃pĕšāʿāypesha`: a revolt (national, moral or religious)H6588
2
  1. הֶ֭רֶבהherebrabah: to increase (in whatever respect)H7235
  2. כַּבְּסֵ֣נִיkabbĕsēnîkabac: to trampleH3526
  3. מֵעֲוֺנִ֑יmēʿăwōnî`avon: perversity, i.e. (moral) evilH5771
  4. וּֽמֵחַטָּאתִ֥יûmēḥaṭṭāʾtîchatta'ah: an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiationH2403
  5. טַהֲרֵֽנִי׃ṭahărēnîtaher: (properly) to be bright; (by implication) to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated)H2891
3
  1. כִּֽיkîkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  2. פְ֭שָׁעַיpĕšāʿaypesha`: a revolt (national, moral or religious)H6588
  3. אֲנִ֣יʾănîaniy: IH589
  4. אֵדָ֑עʾēdāʿyada`: to know; (properly) to ascertain by seeingH3045
  5. וְחַטָּאתִ֖יwĕḥaṭṭāʾtîchatta'ah: an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiationH2403
  6. נֶגְדִּ֣יnegdîneged: a front, i.e. part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mateH5048
  7. תָמִֽיד׃tāmîdtamiyd: (properly) continuance (as indefinite extension)H8548
4
  1. לְךָ֤lĕkā
  2. לְבַדְּךָ֙׀lĕbaddĕkābad: (properly) separation; (by implication) a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carryingH905
  3. חָטָאתִי֮ḥāṭāʾtiychata': (properly) to miss; (hence, figuratively and generally) to sinH2398
  4. וְהָרַ֥עwĕhāraʿra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  5. בְּעֵינֶ֗יךָbĕʿênêkā`ayin: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)H5869
  6. עָ֫שִׂ֥יתִיʿāśîtî`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  7. לְ֭מַעַןlĕmaʿanma`an: (properly) heed, i.e. purposeH4616
  8. תִּצְדַּ֥קtiṣdaqtsadaq: to be (causatively, make) right (in a moral or forensic sense)H6663
  9. בְּדָבְרֶ֗ךָbĕdobrekādabar: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speakH1696
  10. תִּזְכֶּ֥הtizkezakah: to be translucent; (figuratively) to be innocentH2135
  11. בְשָׁפְטֶֽךָ׃bĕšopṭekāshaphat: to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or against)H8199
5
  1. הֵןhēnhen: lo!; (as expressing surprise) ifH2005
  2. בְּעָו֥וֹןbĕʿāwôn`avon: perversity, i.e. (moral) evilH5771
  3. חוֹלָ֑לְתִּיḥôlālĕttîchuwl: (properly) to twist or whirl (in a circular or spiral manner), i.e. (specifically) to dance, to writhe in pain...H2342
  4. וּ֝בְחֵ֗טְאûbĕḥēṭĕʾchet': a crime or its penaltyH2399
  5. יֶֽחֱמַ֥תְנִיyeḥĕmatnîyacham: probably to be hot; (figuratively) to conceiveH3179
  6. אִמִּֽי׃ʾimmîem: a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively (like H0001H517
6
  1. הֵןhēnhen: lo!; (as expressing surprise) ifH2005
  2. אֱ֭מֶתʾĕmetemeth: stability; (figuratively) certainty, truth, trustworthinessH571
  3. חָפַ֣צְתָּḥāpaṣtāchaphets: (properly) to incline to; (by implication) (literally but rarely) to bendH2654
  4. בַטֻּח֑וֹתbaṭṭuḥôttuwchah: (in the plural only) the kidneys (as being covered)H2910
  5. וּ֝בְסָתֻ֗םûbĕsātumcatham: to stop up; (by implication) to repairH5640
  6. חָכְמָ֥הḥokmâchokmah: wisdom (in a good sense)H2451
  7. תוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃tôdîʿēnîyada`: to know; (properly) to ascertain by seeingH3045
7
  1. תְּחַטְּאֵ֣נִיtĕḥaṭṭĕʾēnîchata': (properly) to miss; (hence, figuratively and generally) to sinH2398
  2. בְאֵז֣וֹבbĕʾēzôbezowb: hyssopH231
  3. וְאֶטְהָ֑רwĕʾeṭhārtaher: (properly) to be bright; (by implication) to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated)H2891
  4. תְּ֝כַבְּסֵ֗נִיtĕkabbĕsēnîkabac: to trampleH3526
  5. וּמִשֶּׁ֥לֶגûmiššelegsheleg: snow (probably from its whiteness)H7950
  6. אַלְבִּֽין׃ʾalbînlaban: to be (or become) white; (as denominative from H3843) to make bricksH3835
8
  1. תַּ֭שְׁמִיעֵנִיtašmîʿēnîshama`: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etcH8085
  2. שָׂשׂ֣וֹןśāśônsasown: cheerfulness; specifically, welcomeH8342
  3. וְשִׂמְחָ֑הwĕśimḥâsimchah: blithesomeness or glee, (religious or festival)H8057
  4. תָּ֝גֵ֗לְנָהtāgēlĕnâgiyl: (properly) to spin round (under the influence of any violent emotion), i.e. usually rejoice, or (as cringing) fearH1523
  5. עֲצָמ֥וֹתʿăṣāmôt`etsem: a bone (as strong); by extension, the bodyH6106
  6. דִּכִּֽיתָ׃dikkîtādakah: to collapse (phys. or mentally)H1794
9
  1. הַסְתֵּ֣רhastērcathar: to hide (by covering), literally or figurativelyH5641
  2. פָּ֭נֶיךָpānêkāpaniym: the face (as the part that turns); (with prepositional prefix, as a preposition) before, etc.H6440
  3. מֵחֲטָאָ֑יmēḥăṭāʾāychet': a crime or its penaltyH2399
  4. וְֽכָלwĕkolkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  5. עֲוֺ֖נֹתַ֣יʿăwōnōtay`avon: perversity, i.e. (moral) evilH5771
  6. מְחֵֽה׃mĕḥēmachah: (properly) to stroke or rub; (by implication) to eraseH4229
10
  1. לֵ֣בlēbleb: the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellectH3820
  2. טָ֭הוֹרṭāhôrtahowr: pure (in a physical, chemical, ceremonial or moral sense)H2889
  3. בְּרָאbĕrāʾbara': (absolutely) to create; (qualified) to cut down (a wood), select, feed (as formative processes)H1254
  4. לִ֣יlî
  5. אֱלֹהִ֑יםʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  6. וְר֥וּחַwĕrûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
  7. נָ֝כ֗וֹןnākônkuwn: (properly) to be erect (i.e. stand perpendicular)H3559
  8. חַדֵּ֥שׁḥaddēšchadash: to be new; causatively, to rebuildH2318
  9. בְּקִרְבִּֽי׃bĕqirbîqereb: (properly) the nearest part, i.e. the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with...H7130
11
  1. אַלʾalal: (qualified negation) not (used as a deprecative)H408
  2. תַּשְׁלִיכֵ֥נִיtašlîkēnîshalak: to throw out, down or away (literally or figuratively)H7993
  3. מִלְּפָנֶ֑יךָmillĕpānêkāpaniym: the face (as the part that turns); (with prepositional prefix, as a preposition) before, etc.H6440
  4. וְר֥וּחַwĕrûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
  5. קָ֝דְשְׁךָ֗qādĕškāqodesh: a sacred place or thing; (abstract, rarely) sanctityH6944
  6. אַלʾalal: (qualified negation) not (used as a deprecative)H408
  7. תִּקַּ֥חtiqqaḥlaqach: to take (in the widest variety of applications)H3947
  8. מִמֶּֽנִּי׃mimmennîmin: (properly) a part of; (hence, prepositionally) from or out of (in many senses)H4480
12
  1. הָשִׁ֣יבָהhāšîbâshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  2. לִּ֭יlî
  3. שְׂשׂ֣וֹןśĕśônsasown: cheerfulness; specifically, welcomeH8342
  4. יִשְׁעֶ֑ךָyišʿekāyesha`: liberty, deliverance, prosperityH3468
  5. וְר֖וּחַwĕrûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
  6. נְדִיבָ֣הnĕdîbânadiyb: (properly) voluntary, i.e. generous; (hence) magnanimousH5081
  7. תִסְמְכֵֽנִי׃tismĕkēnîcamak: to prop (literally or figuratively); reflexively, to lean upon or take hold of (in a favorable or unfavorable...H5564
13
  1. אֲלַמְּדָ֣הʾălammĕdâlamad: (properly) to goad; (by implication) to teach (the rod being an Oriental incentive)H3925
  2. פֹשְׁעִ֣יםpōšĕʿîmpasha`: to break away (from just authority), i.e. trespass, apostatize, quarrelH6586
  3. דְּרָכֶ֑יךָdĕrākêkāderek: a road (as trodden); (figuratively) a course of life or mode of action, often adverbH1870
  4. וְ֝חַטָּאִ֗יםwĕḥaṭṭāʾîmchatta': a criminal, or one accounted guiltyH2400
  5. אֵלֶ֥יךָʾēlêkāel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  6. יָשֽׁוּבוּ׃yāšûbûshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
14
  1. הַצִּ֘ילֵ֤נִיhaṣṣîlēnînatsal: to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad senseH5337
  2. מִדָּמִ֨ים׀middāmîmdam: blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animalH1818
  3. אֱֽלֹהִ֗יםʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  4. אֱלֹהֵ֥יʾĕlōhêelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  5. תְּשׁוּעָתִ֑יtĕšûʿātîtshuw`ah: rescue (literal or figurative, pers., national or spir.)H8668
  6. תְּרַנֵּ֥ןtĕrannēnranan: (properly) to creak (or emit a stridulous sound), i.e. to shout (usually for joy)H7442
  7. לְ֝שׁוֹנִ֗יlĕšônîlashown: the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and...H3956
  8. צִדְקָתֶֽךָ׃ṣidqātekātsdaqah: rightness (abstractly), subjectively (rectitude), objectively (justice), morally (virtue) or figuratively...H6666
15
  1. אֲ֭דֹנָיʾădōnāyAdonay: the Lord (used as a proper name of God only)H136
  2. שְׂפָתַ֣יśĕpātaysaphah: the lip (as a natural boundary); (by implication) languageH8193
  3. תִּפְתָּ֑חtiptāḥpathach: to open wide (literally or figuratively)H6605
  4. וּ֝פִ֗יûpîpeh: the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech)H6310
  5. יַגִּ֥ידyaggîdnagad: (properly) to front, i.e. stand boldly out oppositeH5046
  6. תְּהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃tĕhillātekāthillah: laudation; (specifically, concretely) a hymnH8416
16
  1. כִּ֤י׀kîkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  2. לֹאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  3. תַחְפֹּ֣ץtaḥpōṣchaphets: (properly) to incline to; (by implication) (literally but rarely) to bendH2654
  4. זֶ֣בַחzebaḥzebach: (properly) a slaughter, i.e. the flesh of an animalH2077
  5. וְאֶתֵּ֑נָהwĕʾettēnânathan: to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)H5414
  6. ע֝וֹלָ֗הʿôlâ`olah: a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending)H5930
  7. לֹ֣אlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  8. תִרְצֶֽה׃tirṣeratsah: to be pleased with; specifically, to satisfy a debtH7521
17
  1. זִֽבְחֵ֣יzibĕḥêzebach: (properly) a slaughter, i.e. the flesh of an animalH2077
  2. אֱלֹהִים֮ʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  3. ר֤וּחַrûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
  4. נִשְׁבָּ֫רָ֥הnišbārâshabar: to burst (literally or figuratively)H7665
  5. לֵבlēbleb: the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellectH3820
  6. נִשְׁבָּ֥רnišbārshabar: to burst (literally or figuratively)H7665
  7. וְנִדְכֶּ֑הwĕnidkedakah: to collapse (phys. or mentally)H1794
  8. אֱ֝לֹהִ֗יםʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  9. לֹ֣אlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  10. תִבְזֶֽה׃tibzebazah: to disesteemH959
18
  1. הֵיטִ֣יבָהhêṭîbâyatab: to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)H3190
  2. בִ֭רְצוֹנְךָbirṣônĕkāratsown: delight (especially as shown)H7522
  3. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  4. צִיּ֑וֹןṣiyyônTsiyown: Tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of JerusalemH6726
  5. תִּ֝בְנֶ֗הtibnebanah: to build (literally and figuratively)H1129
  6. חוֹמ֥וֹתḥômôtchowmah: a wall of protectionH2346
  7. יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃yĕrûšāloimYruwshalaim: founded peaceful; Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of IsraelH3389
19
  1. אָ֤זʾāzaz: at that time or place; (as a conjunction) thereforeH227
  2. תַּחְפֹּ֣ץtaḥpōṣchaphets: (properly) to incline to; (by implication) (literally but rarely) to bendH2654
  3. זִבְחֵיzibḥêzebach: (properly) a slaughter, i.e. the flesh of an animalH2077
  4. צֶ֭דֶקṣedeqtsedeq: the right (natural, moral or legal); (abstractly) equityH6664
  5. עוֹלָ֣הʿôlâ`olah: a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending)H5930
  6. וְכָלִ֑ילwĕkālîlkaliyl: complete; as noun, the whole (specifically, a sacrifice entirely consumed)H3632
  7. אָ֤זʾāzaz: at that time or place; (as a conjunction) thereforeH227
  8. יַעֲל֖וּyaʿălû`alah: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount)H5927
  9. עַלʿal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  10. מִזְבַּחֲךָ֣mizbaḥăkāmizbeach: an altarH4196
  11. פָרִֽים׃pārîmpar: a bullock (apparently as breaking forth in wild strength, or perhaps as dividing the hoof)H6499

View the full Hebrew interlinear for Psalms 51 →

Strong's words in Psalms 51 (6)
Strong's H430 — אֱלֹהִ֣ים (ʾĕlōhîm)
elohiym (el-o-heem') n-m. 1. gods in the ordinary sense 2. but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God 3. occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates 4. and sometimes as a superlative [plural of H433] KJV: angels, X exceeding, God (gods)(-dess, -ly), X (very) great, judges, X mighty. Root(s): H433. Appears 6 times in Psalms 51.
Strong's H7307 — וְר֥וּחַ (wĕrûaḥ)
ruwach (roo'-akh) n-f. 1. wind 2. by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation 3. (figuratively) life, anger, unsubstantiality 4. by extension, a region of the sky 5. by resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including its expression and functions) [from H7306] KJV: air, anger, blast, breath, X cool, courage, mind, X quarter, X side, spirit((-ual)), tempest, X vain, ((whirl-))wind(-y). Root(s): H7306. Appears 4 times in Psalms 51.
Strong's H2077 — זֶ֣בַח (zebaḥ)
zebach (zeh'-bakh) n-m. 1. (properly) a slaughter, i.e. the flesh of an animal 2. (by implication) a sacrifice (the victim or the act) [from H2076] KJV: offer(- ing), sacrifice. Root(s): H2076. Appears 3 times in Psalms 51.
Strong's H2654 — חָפַ֣צְתָּ (ḥāpaṣtā)
chaphets (khaw-fates') v. 1. (properly) to incline to 2. (by implication) (literally but rarely) to bend 3. (figuratively) to be pleased with, desire [a primitive root] KJV: X any at all, (have, take) delight, desire, favour, like, move, be (well) pleased, have pleasure, will, would.. Appears 3 times in Psalms 51.
Strong's H5771 — מֵעֲוֺנִ֑י (mēʿăwōnî)
`avon (aw-vone') (or oavown (2 Kings 7) n-m. 1. perversity, i.e. (moral) evil [from H5753] KJV: fault, iniquity, mischeif, punishment (of iniquity), sin. Root(s): H5753 See also: H7. Appears 3 times in Psalms 51.
Strong's H1794 — דִּכִּֽיתָ׃ (dikkîtā)
dakah (daw-kaw') v. 1. to collapse (phys. or mentally) [a primitive root] KJV: break (sore), contrite, crouch. Compare: H1790, H1792. Appears 2 times in Psalms 51.

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“Have mercy on me, O Lord, according to Your great mercy; and according to the multitude of Your compassions, blot out my transgression.”

What the Early Church wrote about Psalms 51 (4)

  • “because he who suffers in body is cured through the cleansing efficacy of hyssop.”

  • “To us, then, He declares, "A sacrifice [pleasing] to God is a broken spirit; a smell of sweet savour to the Lord is a heart that glorifieth Him that made it."”

  • “the noblest sacrifice to Him is for us to know who stretched out and vaulted the heavens... when we lift up holy hands to Him, what need has He further of a hecatomb?”

  • “They say, "I was shaped in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me"; also, "They are estranged from the womb"; which is followed by the singular expression, "They go astray as soon as they are born, speaking lies."”

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