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Read Romans 13 in modern English — World English Bible (14 verses)

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1 Let every soul be in subjection to the higher authorities, for there is no authority except from God, and those who exist are ordained by God.

2 Therefore he who resists the authority, withstands the ordinance of God; and those who withstand will receive to themselves judgment.

3 For rulers are not a terror to the good work, but to the evil. Do you desire to have no fear of the authority? Do that which is good, and you will have praise from the same,

4 for he is a servant of God to you for good. But if you do that which is evil, be afraid, for he doesn’t bear the sword in vain; for he is a servant of God, an avenger for wrath to him who does evil.

5 Therefore you need to be in subjection, not only because of the wrath, but also for conscience’ sake.

6 For this reason you also pay taxes, for they are servants of God’s service, attending continually on this very thing.

7 Therefore give everyone what you owe: if you owe taxes, pay taxes; if customs, then customs; if respect, then respect; if honor, then honor.

8 Owe no one anything, except to love one another; for he who loves his neighbor has fulfilled the law.

9 For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery,” “You shall not murder,” “You shall not steal,” “You shall not covet,” and whatever other commandments there are, are all summed up in this saying, namely, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”

10 Love doesn’t harm a neighbor. Love therefore is the fulfillment of the law.

11 Do this, knowing the time, that it is already time for you to awaken out of sleep, for salvation is now nearer to us than when we first believed.

12 The night is far gone, and the day is near. Let’s therefore throw off the deeds of darkness, and let’s put on the armor of light.

13 Let us walk properly, as in the day; not in reveling and drunkenness, not in sexual promiscuity and lustful acts, and not in strife and jealousy.

14 But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, for its lusts.

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Study tools for Romans 13

Cross-references, Greek word study, and what the Early Church wrote about Romans 13. Tap any section to expand — or right-click any verse for the full interactive study panel.

Romans 13 study resources: word-by-word Greek interlinear with Strong's numbers, 5 cross-references, 5 Early-Church citations.

Cross-references in Romans 13 (5)

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Greek interlinear — Romans 13:1–14 (275 words)
1
  1. Πᾶσαpasapas: all, any, every, the wholeAdjective — Nominative Singular FeminineG3956
  2. ψυχὴpsychēpsuche: soul, inner being or life; (literally) breathNoun — Nominative Singular FeminineG5590
  3. ἐξουσίαιςexousiaisexousia: privilege; (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedomNoun — Dative Plural FeminineG1849
  4. ὑπερεχούσαιςhyperechousaishuperecho: to hold oneself above; (figuratively) to excelVerb — Present Active ParticipleG5242
  5. ὑποτασσέσθωhypotassesthōhupotasso: to subordinate; (reflexively) to obeyVerb — Present Middle Imperative, 3rd SingularG5293
  6. οὐouou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  7. γάρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  8. ἐστινestinesti: he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they areVerb — Present Indicative, 3rd SingularG2076
  9. ἐξουσίαexousiaexousia: privilege; (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedomNoun — Nominative Singular FeminineG1849
  10. εἰeiei: if, whether, that, etc.ConditionalG1487
  11. μὴmēme: (adverb) not; (conjunction) lestParticle — negativeG3361
  12. ἀπὸapoapo: "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation)PrepositionG575
  13. θεοῦtheoutheos: a deity; (figuratively) a magistrateNoun — Genitive Singular MasculineG2316
  14. αἱhaiho: theArticle — Nominative Plural FeminineG3588
  15. δὲdede: but, and, etc.ConjunctionG1161
  16. οὖσαιousaion: beingVerb — Present ParticipleG5607
  17. ἐξουσίαιexousiaiexousia: privilege; (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedomNoun — Nominative Plural FeminineG1849
  18. ὑπὸhypohupo: under; (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through)PrepositionG5259
  19. τοῦtouho: theArticle — Genitive Singular MasculineG3588
  20. θεοῦtheoutheos: a deity; (figuratively) a magistrateNoun — Genitive Singular MasculineG2316
  21. τεταγμέναιtetagmenaitasso: to arrange in an orderly manner; (generally) to assign or dispose (to a certain position or lot)Verb — Perfect Passive ParticipleG5021
  22. εἰσίν·eisineisi: they areVerb — Present Indicative, 3rd PluralG1526
2
  1. ὥστεhōstehoste: so too, i.e. thus therefore (in various relations of consecution, as follow)ConjunctionG5620
  2. ὁhoho: theArticle — Nominative Singular MasculineG3588
  3. ἀντιτασσόμενοςantitassomenosantitassomai: to arrange oneself against, i.e. opposeVerb — Present Middle ParticipleG498
  4. τῇtēho: theArticle — Dative Singular FeminineG3588
  5. ἐξουσίᾳexousiaexousia: privilege; (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedomNoun — Dative Singular FeminineG1849
  6. τῇtēho: theArticle — Dative Singular FeminineG3588
  7. τοῦtouho: theArticle — Genitive Singular MasculineG3588
  8. θεοῦtheoutheos: a deity; (figuratively) a magistrateNoun — Genitive Singular MasculineG2316
  9. διαταγῇdiatagēdiatage: arrangement, i.e. institutionNoun — Dative Singular FeminineG1296
  10. ἀνθέστηκενanthestēkenanthistemi: to stand against, i.e. opposeVerb — Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd SingularG436
  11. οἱhoiho: theArticle — Nominative Plural MasculineG3588
  12. δὲdede: but, and, etc.ConjunctionG1161
  13. ἀνθεστηκότεςanthestēkotesanthistemi: to stand against, i.e. opposeVerb — Perfect Active ParticipleG436
  14. ἑαυτοῖςheautoisheautou: self (selves)DualG1438
  15. κρίμαkrimakrima: a decision (the function or the effect, for or against ("crime"))Noun — Accusative Singular NeuterG2917
  16. λήψονταιlēpsontailambano: (actively) to take; (passively) to receiveVerb — Future Indicative, 3rd PluralG2983
3
  1. οἱhoiho: theArticle — Nominative Plural MasculineG3588
  2. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  3. ἄρχοντεςarchontesarchon: a first (in rank or power)Noun — Nominative Plural MasculineG758
  4. οὐκoukou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  5. εἰσὶνeisineisi: they areVerb — Present Indicative, 3rd PluralG1526
  6. φόβοςphobosphobos: alarm or frightNoun — Nominative Singular MasculineG5401
  7. τῶνtōnho: theArticle — Genitive Plural NeuterG3588
  8. ἀγαθῶνagathōnagathos: goodAdjective — Genitive Plural NeuterG18
  9. ἔργων,ergōntoil (as an effort or occupation); (by implication) an actNoun — Genitive Plural NeuterG2041
  10. ἀλλὰallaalla: (properly) other things; (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)ConjunctionG235
  11. τῶνtōnho: theArticle — Genitive Plural NeuterG3588
  12. κακῶνkakōnkakos: worthless; (subjectively) depravedAdjective — Genitive Plural NeuterG2556
  13. θέλειςtheleisthelo: to determine, i.e. choose or prefer; (by implication) to wish, i.e. be inclined toVerb — Present Active Indicative, 2nd SingularG2309
  14. δὲdede: but, and, etc.ConjunctionG1161
  15. μὴmēme: (adverb) not; (conjunction) lestParticle — negativeG3361
  16. φοβεῖσθαιphobeisthaiphobeo: to frighten; (passively) to be alarmedVerb — Present InfinitiveG5399
  17. τὴνtēnho: theArticle — Accusative Singular FeminineG3588
  18. ἐξουσίαν;exousianexousia: privilege; (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedomNoun — Accusative Singular FeminineG1849
  19. τὸtoho: theArticle — Accusative Singular NeuterG3588
  20. ἀγαθὸνagathonagathos: goodAdjective — Accusative Singular NeuterG18
  21. ποίειpoieipoieo: to make or doVerb — Present Active Imperative, 2nd SingularG4160
  22. καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  23. ἕξειςhexeisecho: to hold (such as possession, ability, contiuity, relation, or condition)Verb — Future Active Indicative, 2nd SingularG2192
  24. ἔπαινονepainonepainos: laudation; (concretely) a commendable thingNoun — Accusative Singular MasculineG1868
  25. ἐξexek: from (the point whence action or motion proceeds)PrepositionG1537
  26. αὐτῆς·autēsautos: selfPronoun — Genitive Singular FeminineG846
4
  1. θεοῦtheoutheos: a deity; (figuratively) a magistrateNoun — Genitive Singular MasculineG2316
  2. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  3. διάκονόςdiakonosdiakonos: an attendant, a servant; (genitive case) a waiter (at table or in other menial duties)Noun — Nominative Singular MasculineG1249
  4. ἐστινestinesti: he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they areVerb — Present Indicative, 3rd SingularG2076
  5. σοὶsoisoi: to theePronoun — 2nd person Dative SingularG4671
  6. εἰςeiseis: to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, timePrepositionG1519
  7. τὸtoho: theArticle — Accusative Singular NeuterG3588
  8. ἀγαθόνagathonagathos: goodAdjective — Accusative Singular NeuterG18
  9. ἐὰνeanean: in case that, provided that, etc.ConditionalG1437
  10. δὲdede: but, and, etc.ConjunctionG1161
  11. τὸtoho: theArticle — Accusative Singular NeuterG3588
  12. κακὸνkakonkakos: worthless; (subjectively) depravedAdjective — Accusative Singular NeuterG2556
  13. ποιῇςpoiēspoieo: to make or doVerb — Present Active Subjunctive, 2nd SingularG4160
  14. φοβοῦ·phobouphobeo: to frighten; (passively) to be alarmedVerb — Present Imperative, 2nd SingularG5399
  15. οὐouou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  16. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  17. εἰκῇeikēeike: idly, i.e. without reason (or effect)AdverbG1500
  18. τὴνtēnho: theArticle — Accusative Singular FeminineG3588
  19. μάχαιρανmachairanmachaira: a knife, i.e. dirk; (figuratively) war, judicial punishmentNoun — Accusative Singular FeminineG3162
  20. φορεῖ·phoreiphoreo: to have a burden; (by analogy) to wear as clothing or a constant accompanimentVerb — Present Active Indicative, 3rd SingularG5409
  21. θεοῦtheoutheos: a deity; (figuratively) a magistrateNoun — Genitive Singular MasculineG2316
  22. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  23. διάκονόςdiakonosdiakonos: an attendant, a servant; (genitive case) a waiter (at table or in other menial duties)Noun — Nominative Singular MasculineG1249
  24. ἐστιν,estinesti: he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they areVerb — Present Indicative, 3rd SingularG2076
  25. ἔκδικοςekdikosekdikos: carrying justice out, i.e. a punisherAdjective — Nominative Singular MasculineG1558
  26. εἰςeiseis: to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, timePrepositionG1519
  27. ὀργὴνorgēnorge: (properly) desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind)Noun — Accusative Singular FeminineG3709
  28. τῷtōho: theArticle — Dative Singular MasculineG3588
  29. τὸtoho: theArticle — Accusative Singular NeuterG3588
  30. κακὸνkakonkakos: worthless; (subjectively) depravedAdjective — Accusative Singular NeuterG2556
  31. πράσσοντιprassontiprasso: to practice, i.e. perform repeatedly or habituallyVerb — Present Active ParticipleG4238
5
  1. διὸdiodio: through which thing, i.e. consequentlyConjunctionG1352
  2. ἀνάγκηanankēanagke: constraint; (by implication) distressNoun — Nominative Singular FeminineG318
  3. ὑποτάσσεσθαιhypotassesthaihupotasso: to subordinate; (reflexively) to obeyVerb — Present Middle InfinitiveG5293
  4. οὐouou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  5. μόνονmononmonon: merelyAdverbG3440
  6. διὰdiadia: throughPrepositionG1223
  7. τὴνtēnho: theArticle — Accusative Singular FeminineG3588
  8. ὀργὴνorgēnorge: (properly) desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind)Noun — Accusative Singular FeminineG3709
  9. ἀλλὰallaalla: (properly) other things; (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)ConjunctionG235
  10. καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  11. διὰdiadia: throughPrepositionG1223
  12. τὴνtēnho: theArticle — Accusative Singular FeminineG3588
  13. συνείδησινsyneidēsinsuneidesis: co-perception, i.e. moral consciousnessNoun — Accusative Singular FeminineG4893
6
  1. διὰdiadia: throughPrepositionG1223
  2. τοῦτοtoutotouto: that thingAdverb — Accusative Singular NeuterG5124
  3. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  4. καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  5. φόρουςphorousphoros: a load (as borne); (figuratively) a taxNoun — Accusative Plural MasculineG5411
  6. τελεῖτε·teleiteteleo: to end, i.e. complete, execute, conclude, discharge (a debt)Verb — Present Active Indicative, 2nd PluralG5055
  7. λειτουργοὶleitourgoileitourgos: a public servant, i.e. a functionary in the Temple or GospelNoun — Nominative Plural MasculineG3011
  8. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  9. θεοῦtheoutheos: a deity; (figuratively) a magistrateNoun — Genitive Singular MasculineG2316
  10. εἰσινeisineisi: they areVerb — Present Indicative, 3rd PluralG1526
  11. εἰςeiseis: to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, timePrepositionG1519
  12. αὐτὸautoautos: selfPronoun — Accusative Singular NeuterG846
  13. τοῦτοtoutotouto: that thingAdverb — Accusative Singular NeuterG5124
  14. προσκαρτεροῦντεςproskarterountesproskartereo: to be earnest towards; (to a thing) to persevere, be constantly diligentVerb — Present Active ParticipleG4342
7
  1. ἀπόδοτεapodoteapodidomi: to give away, i.e. up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)Verb — Aorist Active Imperative, 2nd PluralG591
  2. οὖνounoun: (adverbially) certainly; (conjunctionally) accordinglyConjunctionG3767
  3. πᾶσινpasinpas: all, any, every, the wholeAdjective — Dative Plural MasculineG3956
  4. τὰςtasho: theArticle — Accusative Plural FeminineG3588
  5. ὀφειλάς,opheilasopheile: indebtedness; (concretely) a sum owedNoun — Accusative Plural FeminineG3782
  6. τῷtōho: theArticle — Dative Singular MasculineG3588
  7. τὸνtonho: theArticle — Accusative Singular MasculineG3588
  8. φόρονphoronphoros: a load (as borne); (figuratively) a taxNoun — Accusative Singular MasculineG5411
  9. τὸνtonho: theArticle — Accusative Singular MasculineG3588
  10. φόρονphoronphoros: a load (as borne); (figuratively) a taxNoun — Accusative Singular MasculineG5411
  11. τῷtōho: theArticle — Dative Singular MasculineG3588
  12. τὸtoho: theArticle — Accusative Singular NeuterG3588
  13. τέλοςtelostelos: (properly) the point aimed at as a limitNoun — Accusative Singular NeuterG5056
  14. τὸtoho: theArticle — Accusative Singular NeuterG3588
  15. τέλοςtelostelos: (properly) the point aimed at as a limitNoun — Accusative Singular NeuterG5056
  16. τῷtōho: theArticle — Dative Singular MasculineG3588
  17. τὸνtonho: theArticle — Accusative Singular MasculineG3588
  18. φόβονphobonphobos: alarm or frightNoun — Accusative Singular MasculineG5401
  19. τὸνtonho: theArticle — Accusative Singular MasculineG3588
  20. φόβονphobonphobos: alarm or frightNoun — Accusative Singular MasculineG5401
  21. τῷtōho: theArticle — Dative Singular MasculineG3588
  22. τὴνtēnho: theArticle — Accusative Singular FeminineG3588
  23. τιμὴνtimēntime: a value, i.e. money paid; (concretely and collectively) valuablesNoun — Accusative Singular FeminineG5092
  24. τὴνtēnho: theArticle — Accusative Singular FeminineG3588
  25. τιμήνtimēntime: a value, i.e. money paid; (concretely and collectively) valuablesNoun — Accusative Singular FeminineG5092
8
  1. Μηδενὶmēdenimedeis: not even one (man, woman, thing)Adjective — Dative Singular MasculineG3367
  2. μηδὲνmēdenmedeis: not even one (man, woman, thing)Adjective — Accusative Singular NeuterG3367
  3. ὀφείλετεopheileteopheilo: to owe (finacially); (figuratively) to be under obligation, indebted (ought, must, should)Verb — Present Active Imperative, 2nd PluralG3784
  4. εἰeiei: if, whether, that, etc.ConditionalG1487
  5. μὴmēme: (adverb) not; (conjunction) lestParticle — negativeG3361
  6. τὸtoho: theArticle — Accusative Singular NeuterG3588
  7. ἀγαπᾶνagapanagapao: to love (in a social or moral sense)Verb — Present Active InfinitiveG25
  8. ἀλλήλους·allēlousallelon: one anotherConjunction — Accusative Plural MasculineG240
  9. ὁhoho: theArticle — Nominative Singular MasculineG3588
  10. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  11. ἀγαπῶνagapōnagapao: to love (in a social or moral sense)Verb — Present Active ParticipleG25
  12. τὸνtonho: theArticle — Accusative Singular MasculineG3588
  13. ἕτερονheteronheteros: (an-, the) other or differentAdjective — Accusative Singular MasculineG2087
  14. νόμονnomonnomos: law (through the idea of prescriptive usage)Noun — Accusative Singular MasculineG3551
  15. πεπλήρωκενpeplērōkenpleroo: to fully, completely fill; (literally) to cram (a net), level up (a hollow)Verb — Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd SingularG4137
9
  1. τὸtoho: theArticle — Nominative Singular NeuterG3588
  2. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  3. Οὐouou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  4. μοιχεύσειςmoicheuseismoicheuo: to commit adulteryVerb — Future Active Indicative, 2nd SingularG3431
  5. Οὐouou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  6. φονεύσειςphoneuseisphoneuo: to be a murderer (of)Verb — Future Active Indicative, 2nd SingularG5407
  7. Οὐouou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  8. κλέψειςklepseisklepto: to filchVerb — Future Active Indicative, 2nd SingularG2813
  9. Οὐouou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  10. ψευδομαρτυρήσεις,pseudomartyrēseispseudomartureo: to be an untrue testifier, i.e. offer falsehood in evidenceVerb — Future Active Indicative, 2nd SingularG5576
  11. Οὐκoukou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  12. ἐπιθυμήσειςepithymēseisepithumeo: to set the heart upon, i.e. long for (rightfully or otherwise)Verb — Future Active Indicative, 2nd SingularG1937
  13. καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  14. εἴeiei: if, whether, that, etc.ConditionalG1487
  15. τιςtistis: some or any person or objectParticle — Nominative Singular FeminineG5100
  16. ἑτέραheteraheteros: (an-, the) other or differentAdjective — Nominative Singular FeminineG2087
  17. ἐντολήentolēentole: injunction, i.e. an authoritative prescriptionNoun — Nominative Singular FeminineG1785
  18. ἐνenen: "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.PrepositionG1722
  19. τούτῳtoutōtouto: to (in, with or by) this (person or thing)Adverb — Dative Singular MasculineG5129
  20. τῷtōho: theArticle — Dative Singular MasculineG3588
  21. λόγῳlogōlogos: something said (including the thought)Noun — Dative Singular MasculineG3056
  22. ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται,anakephalaioutaianakephalaiomai: to sum upVerb — Present Passive Indicative, 3rd SingularG346
  23. ἐνenen: "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.PrepositionG1722
  24. τῷtōho: theArticle — Dative Singular MasculineG3588
  25. Ἀγαπήσειςagapēseisagapao: to love (in a social or moral sense)Verb — Future Active Indicative, 2nd SingularG25
  26. τὸνtonho: theArticle — Accusative Singular MasculineG3588
  27. πλησίονplēsionplesion: (adverbially) close by; (as noun) a neighbor, i.e. fellow (as man, countryman, Christian or friend)AdverbG4139
  28. σουsousou: of thee, thyPronoun — 2nd person Genitive SingularG4675
  29. ὡςhōshos: which how, i.e. in that manner (very variously used, as follows)AdverbG5613
  30. ἑαυτόνheautonheautou: self (selves)G1438
10
  1. ἡhēho: theArticle — Nominative Singular FeminineG3588
  2. ἀγάπηagapēagape: love, i.e. affection or benevolence; (specially, plural) a love-feastNoun — Nominative Singular FeminineG26
  3. τῷtōho: theArticle — Dative Singular MasculineG3588
  4. πλησίονplēsionplesion: (adverbially) close by; (as noun) a neighbor, i.e. fellow (as man, countryman, Christian or friend)AdverbG4139
  5. κακὸνkakonkakos: worthless; (subjectively) depravedAdjective — Accusative Singular NeuterG2556
  6. οὐκoukou: no or notParticle — negativeG3756
  7. ἐργάζεται·ergazetaiergazomai: to toil (as a task, occupation, etc.), (by implication) effect, be engaged in or with, etc.Verb — Present Indicative, 3rd SingularG2038
  8. πλήρωμαplērōmapleroma: repletion or completion; (subjectively) what fills (as contents, supplement, copiousness, multitude)Noun — Nominative Singular NeuterG4138
  9. οὖνounoun: (adverbially) certainly; (conjunctionally) accordinglyConjunctionG3767
  10. νόμουnomounomos: law (through the idea of prescriptive usage)Noun — Genitive Singular MasculineG3551
  11. ἡhēho: theArticle — Nominative Singular FeminineG3588
  12. ἀγάπηagapēagape: love, i.e. affection or benevolence; (specially, plural) a love-feastNoun — Nominative Singular FeminineG26
11
  1. Καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  2. τοῦτοtoutotouto: that thingAdverb — Nominative Singular NeuterG5124
  3. εἰδότεςeidoteseido: (properly) to see; (by implication, in the perfect tense only) to knowVerb — Perfect Active ParticipleG1492
  4. τὸνtonho: theArticle — Accusative Singular MasculineG3588
  5. καιρόνkaironkairos: a set or proper time or season; an occasionNoun — Accusative Singular MasculineG2540
  6. ὅτιhotihoti: (demonstrative) that (sometimes redundant)ConjunctionG3754
  7. ὥραhōrahora: an "hour"Noun — Nominative Singular FeminineG5610
  8. ἡμᾶςhēmashemas: usPronoun — 1st person Accusative PluralG2248
  9. ἤδηēdēede: even nowAdverbG2235
  10. ἐξexek: from (the point whence action or motion proceeds)PrepositionG1537
  11. ὕπνουhypnouhupnos: sleep; (figuratively) spiritual torporNoun — Genitive Singular MasculineG5258
  12. ἐγερθῆναιegerthēnaiegeiro: to waken; (literally) rouse from sleep, from sitting or lying, from disease, from deathVerb — Aorist Passive InfinitiveG1453
  13. νῦνnynnun: "now"AdverbG3568
  14. γὰρgargar: (properly) assigning a reasonConjunctionG1063
  15. ἐγγύτερονengyteronἐγγύτερονegguteron: nearerAdverbG1452
  16. ἡμῶνhēmōnhemon: of (or from) usPronoun — 1st person Genitive PluralG2257
  17. ἡhēho: theArticle — Nominative Singular FeminineG3588
  18. σωτηρίαsōtēriasoteria: rescue or safety (physically or morally)Noun — Nominative Singular FeminineG4991
  19. ἢēe: (disjunctive) or; (comparative) than.ParticleG2228
  20. ὅτεhotehote: at which (thing) too, i.e. whenAdverbG3753
  21. ἐπιστεύσαμενepisteusamenpisteuo: to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. creditVerb — Aorist Active Indicative, 1st PluralG4100
12
  1. ἡhēho: theArticle — Nominative Singular FeminineG3588
  2. νὺξnyxnux: nightNoun — Nominative Singular FeminineG3571
  3. προέκοψενproekopsenprokopto: to drive forward (as if by beating); (figuratively and intransitively) to advanceVerb — Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd SingularG4298
  4. ἡhēho: theArticle — Nominative Singular FeminineG3588
  5. δὲdede: but, and, etc.ConjunctionG1161
  6. ἡμέραhēmerahemera: day; (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hoursNoun — Nominative Singular FeminineG2250
  7. ἤγγικενēngikeneggizo: to make near; (reflexively) approachVerb — Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd SingularG1448
  8. ἀποθώμεθαapothōmethaapotithemi: to put awayVerb — Aorist Middle Subjunctive, 1st PluralG659
  9. οὖνounoun: (adverbially) certainly; (conjunctionally) accordinglyConjunctionG3767
  10. τὰtaho: theArticle — Accusative Plural NeuterG3588
  11. ἔργαergatoil (as an effort or occupation); (by implication) an actNoun — Accusative Plural NeuterG2041
  12. τοῦtouho: theArticle — Genitive Singular NeuterG3588
  13. σκότουςskotousskotos: shadiness, i.e. obscurityNoun — Genitive Singular NeuterG4655
  14. καίkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  15. ἐνδυσώμεθαendysōmethaenduo: to invest with clothingVerb — Aorist Middle Subjunctive, 1st PluralG1746
  16. τὰtaho: theArticle — Accusative Plural NeuterG3588
  17. ὅπλαhoplahoplon: an implement or utensil or tool; (especially) offensive tool for warNoun — Accusative Plural NeuterG3696
  18. τοῦtouho: theArticle — Genitive Singular NeuterG3588
  19. φωτόςphōtosphos: luminousnessNoun — Genitive Singular NeuterG5457
13
  1. ὡςhōshos: which how, i.e. in that manner (very variously used, as follows)AdverbG5613
  2. ἐνenen: "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.PrepositionG1722
  3. ἡμέρᾳhēmerahemera: day; (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hoursNoun — Dative Singular FeminineG2250
  4. εὐσχημόνωςeuschēmonōseuschemonos: decorouslyAdverbG2156
  5. περιπατήσωμενperipatēsōmenperipateo: to tread all around, i.e. walk at large (especially as proof of ability)Verb — Aorist Active Subjunctive, 1st PluralG4043
  6. μὴmēme: (adverb) not; (conjunction) lestParticle — negativeG3361
  7. κώμοιςkōmoiskomos: a carousal (as if letting loose)Noun — Dative Plural MasculineG2970
  8. καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  9. μέθαιςmethaismethe: an intoxicant; (by implication) intoxicationNoun — Dative Plural FeminineG3178
  10. μὴmēme: (adverb) not; (conjunction) lestParticle — negativeG3361
  11. κοίταιςkoitaiskoite: a couch; (by extension) cohabitationNoun — Dative Plural FeminineG2845
  12. καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  13. ἀσελγείαιςaselgeiaisaselgeia: licentiousness (sometimes including other vices)Noun — Dative Plural FeminineG766
  14. μὴmēme: (adverb) not; (conjunction) lestParticle — negativeG3361
  15. ἔριδιeridieris: a quarrel; (by implication) wranglingNoun — Dative Singular FeminineG2054
  16. καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  17. ζήλῳzēlōzelos: (properly) heat; (figuratively) "zeal"Noun — Dative Singular MasculineG2205
14
  1. ἀλλ'allalla: (properly) other things; (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)ConjunctionG235
  2. ἐνδύσασθεendysastheenduo: to invest with clothingVerb — Aorist Middle Imperative, 2nd PluralG1746
  3. τὸνtonho: theArticle — Accusative Singular MasculineG3588
  4. κύριονkyrionkurios: supreme in authority; (as noun) controllerNoun — Accusative Singular MasculineG2962
  5. ἸησοῦνiēsounIesous: Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other IsraelitesNoun — Accusative Singular MasculineG2424
  6. ΧριστόνchristonChristos: (literally) Anointed; (transliterated) "Christ"Noun — Accusative Singular MasculineG5547
  7. καὶkaikai: and, also, even, so then, too, etc.ConjunctionG2532
  8. τῆςtēsho: theArticle — Genitive Singular FeminineG3588
  9. σαρκὸςsarkossarx: flesh (as stripped of the skin); (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food)Noun — Genitive Singular FeminineG4561
  10. πρόνοιανpronoianpronoia: forethought, i.e. provident care or supplyNoun — Accusative Singular FeminineG4307
  11. μὴmēme: (adverb) not; (conjunction) lestParticle — negativeG3361
  12. ποιεῖσθεpoieisthepoieo: to make or doVerb — Present Middle Imperative, 2nd PluralG4160
  13. εἰςeiseis: to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, timePrepositionG1519
  14. ἐπιθυμίαςepithymiasepithumia: a longing; (especially) a lust for what is forbiddenNoun — Accusative Plural FeminineG1939

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Strong's words in Romans 13 (6)
Strong's G2316 — θεοῦ (theou)
theos (theh-os') n. 1. a deity 2. (figuratively) a magistrate 3. (by Hebraism) very {(especially with G3588) the supreme Divinity} [of uncertain affinity] KJV: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward) See also: G3588. Appears 6 times in Romans 13.
Strong's G1849 — ἐξουσίαις (exousiais)
exousia (ex-ou-see'-ah) n. 1. privilege 2. (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedom 3. (objectively) mastery (concretely, magistrate, superhuman, potentate, token of control), delegated influence [from G1832 (in the sense of ability)] KJV: authority, jurisdiction, liberty, power, right, strength Root(s): G1832. Appears 5 times in Romans 13.
Strong's G2556 — κακῶν (kakōn)
kakos (kak-os') adj. 1. worthless 2. (subjectively) depraved 3. (objectively) injurious {intrinsically, such; whereas G4190 properly refers to effects} [apparently a primary word] KJV: bad, evil, harm, ill, noisome, wicked Compare: G4190, G96, G955, G4469, G4550. Appears 4 times in Romans 13.
Strong's G1223 — διὰ (dia)
dia (dee-ah') prep. 1. through {in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional} [a primary preposition denoting the channel of an act] KJV: after, always, among, at, to avoid, because of (that), briefly, by, for (cause) ... fore, from, in, by occasion of, of, by reason of, for sake, that, thereby, therefore, X though, through(-out), to, wherefore, with (-in). In composition it retains the same general importance. Appears 3 times in Romans 13.
Strong's G1487 — εἰ (ei)
ei (ei) cond. 1. if, whether, that, etc. {Often used in connection or composition with other particles, especially in the comparables} [a primary particle of conditionality] KJV: forasmuch as, if, that, (al-)though, whether See also: G1437. Appears 3 times in Romans 13.
Strong's G1526 — εἰσίν· (eisin)
eisi (ei-see') v. 1. they are [third person plural present indicative of G1510] KJV: agree, are, be, dure, X is, were Root(s): G1510. Appears 3 times in Romans 13.

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“Give to them, O Lord, health, peace, concord, and stability, so that they may exercise without offence the sovereignty that Thou hast given them.”

What the Early Church wrote about Romans 13 (4)

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