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Cross-references, Hebrew word study, and what the Early Church wrote about Ecclesiastes 1. Tap any section to expand — or right-click any verse for the full interactive study panel.

Ecclesiastes 1 study resources: word-by-word Hebrew interlinear with Strong's numbers, 7 cross-references, 5 Early-Church citations.

Cross-references in Ecclesiastes 1 (7)

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Hebrew interlinear — Ecclesiastes 1:1–18 (214 words)
1
  1. דִּבְרֵי֙dibrēydabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  2. קֹהֶ֣לֶתqōheletqoheleth: a (female) assembler (i.e. lecturer)H6953
  3. בֶּןbenben: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including...H1121
  4. דָּוִ֔דdāwidDavid: loving; David, the youngest son of JesseH1732
  5. מֶ֖לֶךְmelekmelek: a kingH4428
  6. בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃bîrûšāloimYruwshalaim: founded peaceful; Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of IsraelH3389
2
  1. הֲבֵ֤לhăbēlhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  2. הֲבָלִים֙hăbālîmhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  3. אָמַ֣רʾāmaramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  4. קֹהֶ֔לֶתqōheletqoheleth: a (female) assembler (i.e. lecturer)H6953
  5. הֲבֵ֥לhăbēlhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  6. הֲבָלִ֖יםhăbālîmhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  7. הַכֹּ֥לhakkōlkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  8. הָֽבֶל׃hābelhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
3
  1. מַהmamah: (properly, interrogative) what? (including how? why? when?)H4100
  2. יִּתְר֖וֹןyitrônyithrown: preeminence, gainH3504
  3. לָֽאָדָ֑םlāʾādāmadam: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)H120
  4. בְּכָלbĕkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  5. עֲמָל֔וֹʿămālô`amal: toil, i.e. wearing effort; (hence) worry, wheth. of body or mindH5999
  6. שֶֽׁיַּעֲמֹ֖לšeyyaʿămōl`amal: to toil, i.e. work severely and with irksomenessH5998
  7. תַּ֥חַתtaḥattachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
  8. הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃haššāmešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
4
  1. דּ֤וֹרdôrdowr: (properly) a revolution of time, i.e. an age or generationH1755
  2. הֹלֵךְ֙hōlēkhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  3. וְד֣וֹרwĕdôrdowr: (properly) a revolution of time, i.e. an age or generationH1755
  4. בָּ֔אbāʾbow': to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)H935
  5. וְהָאָ֖רֶץwĕhāʾāreṣerets: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)H776
  6. לְעוֹלָ֥םlĕʿôlām`owlam: (properly) concealed, i.e. the vanishing pointH5769
  7. עֹמָֽדֶת׃ʿōmādet`amad: to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)H5975
5
  1. וְזָרַ֥חwĕzāraḥzarach: (properly) to irradiate (or shoot forth beams), i.e. to rise (as the sun)H2224
  2. הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁhaššemešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
  3. וּבָ֣אûbāʾbow': to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)H935
  4. הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁhaššāmešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
  5. וְאֶ֨לwĕʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  6. מְקוֹמ֔וֹmĕqômômaqowm: (properly) a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific)H4725
  7. שׁוֹאֵ֛ףšôʾēpsha'aph: to inhale eagerly; (figuratively) to coverH7602
  8. זוֹרֵ֥חַֽzôrēḥazarach: (properly) to irradiate (or shoot forth beams), i.e. to rise (as the sun)H2224
  9. ה֖וּאhûʾhuw': (the third person pronoun singular) he, she, or it (only expressed when emphatic or without a verb)H1931
  10. שָֽׁם׃šāmsham: there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thenceH8033
6
  1. הוֹלֵךְ֙hôlēkhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  2. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  3. דָּר֔וֹםdārômdarowm: the south; poet. the south windH1864
  4. וְסוֹבֵ֖בwĕsôbēbcabab: to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively (as follows)H5437
  5. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  6. צָפ֑וֹןṣāpôntsaphown: (properly) hidden, i.e. dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)H6828
  7. סוֹבֵ֤ב׀sôbēbcabab: to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively (as follows)H5437
  8. סֹבֵב֙sōbēbcabab: to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively (as follows)H5437
  9. הוֹלֵ֣ךְhôlēkhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  10. הָר֔וּחַhārûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
  11. וְעַלwĕʿal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  12. סְבִיבֹתָ֖יוsĕbîbōtāywcabiyb: (as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environsH5439
  13. שָׁ֥בšābshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  14. הָרֽוּחַ׃hārûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
7
  1. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  2. הַנְּחָלִים֙hannĕḥālîmnachal: a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs)H5158
  3. הֹלְכִ֣יםhōlĕkîmhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  4. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  5. הַיָּ֔םhayyāmyam: a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of waterH3220
  6. וְהַיָּ֖םwĕhayyāmyam: a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of waterH3220
  7. אֵינֶ֣נּוּʾênennûayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  8. מָלֵ֑אmālēʾmale': full (literally or figuratively); (literally) fillingH4392
  9. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  10. מְק֗וֹםmĕqômmaqowm: (properly) a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific)H4725
  11. שֶׁ֤הַנְּחָלִים֙šehannĕḥālîmnachal: a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs)H5158
  12. הֹֽלְכִ֔יםhōlĕkîmhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  13. שָׁ֛םšāmsham: there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thenceH8033
  14. הֵ֥םhēmhem: they (only used when emphatic)H1992
  15. שָׁבִ֖יםšābîmshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  16. לָלָֽכֶת׃lālākethalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
8
  1. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  2. הַדְּבָרִ֣יםhaddĕbārîmdabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  3. יְגֵעִ֔יםyĕgēʿîmyagea`: tired; hence (transitive) tiresomeH3023
  4. לֹאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  5. יוּכַ֥לyûkalyakol: to be able; (literally) can, couldH3201
  6. אִ֖ישׁʾîšiysh: a man as an individual or a male personH376
  7. לְדַבֵּ֑רlĕdabbērdabar: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speakH1696
  8. לֹאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  9. תִשְׂבַּ֥עtiśbaʿsaba`: to sate, i.e. fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)H7646
  10. עַ֙יִן֙ʿayin`ayin: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)H5869
  11. לִרְא֔וֹתlirʾôtra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  12. וְלֹאwĕlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  13. תִמָּלֵ֥אtimmālēʾmale': to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)H4390
  14. אֹ֖זֶןʾōzenozen: broadness; (concretely) the ear (from its form in man)H241
  15. מִשְּׁמֹֽעַ׃miššĕmōaʿshama`: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etcH8085
9
  1. מַהmamah: (properly, interrogative) what? (including how? why? when?)H4100
  2. שֶּֽׁהָיָה֙šehāyāhhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  3. ה֣וּאhûʾhuw': (the third person pronoun singular) he, she, or it (only expressed when emphatic or without a verb)H1931
  4. שֶׁיִּהְיֶ֔הšeyyihyehayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  5. וּמַהûmamah: (properly, interrogative) what? (including how? why? when?)H4100
  6. שֶׁנַּֽעֲשָׂ֔הšennaʿăśâ`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  7. ה֖וּאhûʾhuw': (the third person pronoun singular) he, she, or it (only expressed when emphatic or without a verb)H1931
  8. שֶׁיֵּעָשֶׂ֑הšeyyēʿāśe`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  9. וְאֵ֥יןwĕʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  10. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  11. חָדָ֖שׁḥādāšchadash: newH2319
  12. תַּ֥חַתtaḥattachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
  13. הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃haššāmešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
10
  1. יֵ֥שׁyēšyesh: entity; used adverbially or as a copula for the substantive verb (H1961)H3426
  2. דָּבָ֛רdābārdabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  3. שֶׁיֹּאמַ֥רšeyyōʾmaramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  4. רְאֵהrĕʾēra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  5. זֶ֖הzezeh: the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or thatH2088
  6. חָדָ֣שׁḥādāšchadash: newH2319
  7. ה֑וּאhûʾhuw': (the third person pronoun singular) he, she, or it (only expressed when emphatic or without a verb)H1931
  8. כְּבָר֙kĕbārkbar: (properly) extent of time, i.e. a great whileH3528
  9. הָיָ֣הhāyâhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  10. לְעֹֽלָמִ֔יםlĕʿōlāmîm`owlam: (properly) concealed, i.e. the vanishing pointH5769
  11. אֲשֶׁ֥רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  12. הָיָ֖הhāyâhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  13. מִלְּפָנֵֽנוּ׃millĕpānēnûpaniym: the face (as the part that turns); (with prepositional prefix, as a preposition) before, etc.H6440
11
  1. אֵ֥יןʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  2. זִכְר֖וֹןzikrônzikrown: a memento (or memorable thing, day or writing)H2146
  3. לָרִאשֹׁנִ֑יםlāriʾšōnîmri'shown: first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun)H7223
  4. וְגַ֨םwĕgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  5. לָאַחֲרֹנִ֜יםlāʾaḥărōnîmacharown: hinder; (generally) late or lastH314
  6. שֶׁיִּהְי֗וּšeyyihyûhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  7. לֹֽאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  8. יִהְיֶ֤הyihyehayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  9. לָהֶם֙lāhemhem: they (only used when emphatic)H1992
  10. זִכָּר֔וֹןzikkārônzikrown: a memento (or memorable thing, day or writing)H2146
  11. עִ֥םʿim`im: adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applicationsH5973
  12. שֶׁיִּהְי֖וּšeyyihyûhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  13. לָאַחֲרֹנָֽה׃lāʾaḥărōnâacharown: hinder; (generally) late or lastH314
12
  1. אֲנִ֣יʾănîaniy: IH589
  2. קֹהֶ֗לֶתqōheletqoheleth: a (female) assembler (i.e. lecturer)H6953
  3. הָיִ֥יתִיhāyîtîhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  4. מֶ֛לֶךְmelekmelek: a kingH4428
  5. עַלʿal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  6. יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyiśrāʾēlYisra'el: he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of JacobH3478
  7. בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃bîrûšāloimYruwshalaim: founded peaceful; Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of IsraelH3389
13
  1. וְנָתַ֣תִּיwĕnātattînathan: to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)H5414
  2. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  3. לִבִּ֗יlibbîleb: the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellectH3820
  4. לִדְר֤וֹשׁlidrôšdarash: (properly) to tread or frequent; (usually) to follow (for pursuit or search)H1875
  5. וְלָתוּר֙wĕlātûrtuwr: to meander (causatively, guide) about, especially for trade or reconnoitringH8446
  6. בַּֽחָכְמָ֔הbaḥokmâchokmah: wisdom (in a good sense)H2451
  7. עַ֛לʿal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  8. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  9. אֲשֶׁ֥רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  10. נַעֲשָׂ֖הnaʿăśâ`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  11. תַּ֣חַתtaḥattachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
  12. הַשָּׁמָ֑יִםhaššāmāyimshamayim: the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the...H8064
  13. ה֣וּא׀hûʾhuw': (the third person pronoun singular) he, she, or it (only expressed when emphatic or without a verb)H1931
  14. עִנְיַ֣ןʿinyan`inyan: bustle; (generally) employmentH6045
  15. רָ֗עrāʿra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  16. נָתַ֧ןnātannathan: to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)H5414
  17. אֱלֹהִ֛יםʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  18. לִבְנֵ֥יlibnêben: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including...H1121
  19. הָאָדָ֖םhāʾādāmadam: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)H120
  20. לַעֲנ֥וֹתlaʿănôt`anah: to depress literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various applications, as follows)H6031
14
  1. רָאִ֙יתִי֙rāʾîtiyra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  2. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  3. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  4. הַֽמַּעֲשִׂ֔יםhammaʿăśîmma`aseh: an action (good or bad); (generally) a transactionH4639
  5. שֶֽׁנַּעֲשׂ֖וּšennaʿăśû`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  6. תַּ֣חַתtaḥattachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
  7. הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁhaššāmešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
  8. וְהִנֵּ֥הwĕhinnēhinneh: lo!H2009
  9. הַכֹּ֛לhakkōlkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  10. הֶ֖בֶלhebelhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  11. וּרְע֥וּתûrĕʿûtr`uwth: a feeding upon, i.e. grasping afterH7469
  12. רֽוּחַ׃rûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
15
  1. מְעֻוָּ֖תmĕʿuwwāt`avath: to wrestH5791
  2. לֹאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  3. יוּכַ֣לyûkalyakol: to be able; (literally) can, couldH3201
  4. לִתְקֹ֑ןlitqōntaqan: to equalize, i.e. straighten (intransitive or transitive)H8626
  5. וְחֶסְר֖וֹןwĕḥesrônchecrown: deficiencyH2642
  6. לֹאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  7. יוּכַ֥לyûkalyakol: to be able; (literally) can, couldH3201
  8. לְהִמָּנֽוֹת׃lĕhimmānôtmanah: (properly) to weigh out; (by implication) to allot or constitute officiallyH4487
16
  1. דִּבַּ֨רְתִּיdibbartîdabar: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speakH1696
  2. אֲנִ֤יʾănîaniy: IH589
  3. עִםʿim`im: adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applicationsH5973
  4. לִבִּי֙libbiyleb: the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellectH3820
  5. לֵאמֹ֔רlēʾmōramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  6. אֲנִ֗יʾănîaniy: IH589
  7. הִנֵּ֨הhinnēhinneh: lo!H2009
  8. הִגְדַּ֤לְתִּיhigdaltîgadal: (properly) to twist; to be large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor, also in pride)H1431
  9. וְהוֹסַ֙פְתִּי֙wĕhôsaptiyyacaph: to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)H3254
  10. חָכְמָ֔הḥokmâchokmah: wisdom (in a good sense)H2451
  11. עַ֛לʿal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  12. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  13. אֲשֶׁרʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  14. הָיָ֥הhāyâhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  15. לְפָנַ֖יlĕpānaypaniym: the face (as the part that turns); (with prepositional prefix, as a preposition) before, etc.H6440
  16. עַלʿal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  17. יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑םyĕrûšālāimYruwshalaim: founded peaceful; Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of IsraelH3389
  18. וְלִבִּ֛יwĕlibbîleb: the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellectH3820
  19. רָאָ֥הrāʾâra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  20. הַרְבֵּ֖הharbērabah: to increase (in whatever respect)H7235
  21. חָכְמָ֥הḥokmâchokmah: wisdom (in a good sense)H2451
  22. וָדָֽעַת׃wādāʿatda`ath: knowledgeH1847
17
  1. וָאֶתְּנָ֤הwāʾettĕnânathan: to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)H5414
  2. לִבִּי֙libbiyleb: the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellectH3820
  3. לָדַ֣עַתlādaʿatyada`: to know; (properly) to ascertain by seeingH3045
  4. חָכְמָ֔הḥokmâchokmah: wisdom (in a good sense)H2451
  5. וְדַ֥עַתwĕdaʿatyada`: to know; (properly) to ascertain by seeingH3045
  6. הוֹלֵל֖וֹתhôlēlôthowlelah: follyH1947
  7. וְשִׂכְל֑וּתwĕśiklûtcikluwth: sillinessH5531
  8. יָדַ֕עְתִּיyādaʿtîyada`: to know; (properly) to ascertain by seeingH3045
  9. שֶׁגַּםšeggamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  10. זֶ֥הzezeh: the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or thatH2088
  11. ה֖וּאhûʾhuw': (the third person pronoun singular) he, she, or it (only expressed when emphatic or without a verb)H1931
  12. רַעְי֥וֹןraʿyônra`yown: desireH7475
  13. רֽוּחַ׃rûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
18
  1. כִּ֛יkîkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  2. בְּרֹ֥בbĕrōbrob: abundance (in any respect)H7230
  3. חָכְמָ֖הḥokmâchokmah: wisdom (in a good sense)H2451
  4. רָבrābrab: abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)H7227
  5. כָּ֑עַסkāʿaska`ac: vexationH3708
  6. וְיוֹסִ֥יףwĕyôsîpyacaph: to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)H3254
  7. דַּ֖עַתdaʿatda`ath: knowledgeH1847
  8. יוֹסִ֥יףyôsîpyacaph: to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)H3254
  9. מַכְאֽוֹב׃makʾôbmak'ob: anguish or (figuratively) afflictionH4341

View the full Hebrew interlinear for Ecclesiastes 1 →

Strong's words in Ecclesiastes 1 (6)
Strong's H1961 — שֶּֽׁהָיָה֙ (šehāyāh)
hayah (haw-yaw) v. 1. to exist 2. to be or become 3. to come into being, i.e. to happen, to occur (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary) [a primitive root] KJV: beacon, X altogether, be. Appears 9 times in Ecclesiastes 1.
Strong's H3605 — הַכֹּ֥ל (hakkōl)
kol (kole) (or (Jer. 33) n-m. 1. (properly) the whole 2. (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense) [from H3634] KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). Root(s): H3634. Appears 9 times in Ecclesiastes 1.
Strong's H1892 — הֲבֵ֤ל (hăbēl)
hebel (heh'bel) (or (rarely in the abs.) habel {hab-ale'}) n-m. 1. emptiness or vanity 2. (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactory 3. often used as an adverb [from H1891] KJV: X altogether, vain, vanity. Root(s): H1891. Appears 6 times in Ecclesiastes 1.
Strong's H1980 — הֹלֵךְ֙ (hōlēk)
halak (haw-lak') v. 1. a primitive root 2. to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) [akin to H3212] KJV: (all) along, apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be c. Appears 6 times in Ecclesiastes 1.
Strong's H2451 — בַּֽחָכְמָ֔ה (baḥokmâ)
chokmah (khok-maw') n-f. 1. wisdom (in a good sense) [from H2449] KJV: skilful, wisdom, wisely, wit. Root(s): H2449. Appears 5 times in Ecclesiastes 1.
Strong's H8121 — הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ (haššāmeš)
shemesh (sheh'-mesh) n-e. 1. the sun 2. (by implication) the east 3. (figuratively) a ray 4. (architecturally) a notched battlement [from an unused root meaning to be brilliant] KJV: + east side(-ward), sun ((rising)), + west(-ward), window. See also H1053. See also: H1053. Appears 5 times in Ecclesiastes 1.

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“Therefore it is written in Ecclesiastes, “And I added wisdom above all who were before me in Jerusalem; and my heart saw many things; and besides, I knew wisdom and knowledge, parables and understanding. And this also is the choice of the spirit, because in abundance of wisdom...”

What the Early Church wrote about Ecclesiastes 1 (4)

  • “These words speaks Solomon, the son of David the king and prophet, to the whole Church of God, a prince most honoured, and a prophet most wise above all men.”

    — Gregory of Neocaesarea (3rd century) on Ecclesiastes 1:1

  • “but in the second book “Solomon” is not written, but it reads, “the words of Ecclesiastes, the son of David, king of Israel in Jerusalem.” To be sure he writes that he is “Son of David” just as in the first book and also “king of Israel.” But there he wrote “Proverbs” but here...”

    — Origen (3rd century) on Ecclesiastes 1:1

  • “I thoughtfully examined and wisely learned the nature of everything on earth. I discovered that it was all very complex, because human beings are allowed to toil away on earth, wallowing about uselessly in various kinds of pretentious effort at various times.”

  • “This, it seems to me, is the reason why Solomon arraigns the whole bodily universe as being in a way burdensome and as impeding the activity of spirits, thus: “Vanity of vanities, all is vanity, said the Preacher; all is vanity.” “For,” he adds, “I looked and I saw all things...”

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