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Read Ecclesiastes 4 in modern English — World English Bible (16 verses)

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1 Then I returned and saw all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold, the tears of those who were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter.

2 Therefore I praised the dead who have been long dead more than the living who are yet alive.

3 Yes, better than them both is him who has not yet been, who has not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.

4 Then I saw all the labor and achievement that is the envy of a man’s neighbor. This also is vanity and a striving after wind.

5 The fool folds his hands together and ruins himself.

6 Better is a handful, with quietness, than two handfuls with labor and chasing after wind.

7 Then I returned and saw vanity under the sun.

8 There is one who is alone, and he has neither son nor brother. There is no end to all of his labor, neither are his eyes satisfied with wealth. “For whom then, do I labor, and deprive my soul of enjoyment?” This also is vanity. Yes, it is a miserable business.

9 Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their labor.

10 For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow; but woe to him who is alone when he falls, and doesn’t have another to lift him up.

11 Again, if two lie together, then they have warmth; but how can one keep warm alone?

12 If a man prevails against one who is alone, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken.

13 Better is a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king who doesn’t know how to receive admonition any more.

14 For out of prison he came out to be king; yes, even in his kingdom he was born poor.

15 I saw all the living who walk under the sun, that they were with the youth, the other, who succeeded him.

16 There was no end of all the people, even of all them over whom he was—yet those who come after shall not rejoice in him. Surely this also is vanity and a chasing after wind.

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Study tools for Ecclesiastes 4

Cross-references, Hebrew word study, and what the Early Church wrote about Ecclesiastes 4. Tap any section to expand — or right-click any verse for the full interactive study panel.

Ecclesiastes 4 study resources: word-by-word Hebrew interlinear with Strong's numbers, 2 cross-references, 1 Early-Church citation.

Cross-references in Ecclesiastes 4 (2)

See the full cross-reference index →

Hebrew interlinear — Ecclesiastes 4:1–16 (220 words)
1
  1. וְשַׁ֣בְתִּֽיwĕšabtîshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  2. אֲנִ֗יʾănîaniy: IH589
  3. וָאֶרְאֶה֙wāʾerʾehra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  4. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  5. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  6. הָ֣עֲשֻׁקִ֔יםhāʿăšuqîm`ashuwq: used in plural masculine as abstractly, tyrannyH6217
  7. אֲשֶׁ֥רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  8. נַעֲשִׂ֖יםnaʿăśîm`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  9. תַּ֣חַתtaḥattachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
  10. הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁhaššāmešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
  11. וְהִנֵּ֣ה׀wĕhinnēhinneh: lo!H2009
  12. דִּמְעַ֣תdimʿatdim`ah: weepingH1832
  13. הָעֲשֻׁקִ֗יםhāʿăšuqîm`ashuwq: used in plural masculine as abstractly, tyrannyH6217
  14. וְאֵ֤יןwĕʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  15. לָהֶם֙lāhem
  16. מְנַחֵ֔םmĕnaḥēmnacham: (properly) to sigh, i.e. breathe stronglyH5162
  17. וּמִיַּ֤דûmiyyadyad: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), in distinction from H3709, the closed one)H3027
  18. עֹֽשְׁקֵיהֶם֙ʿōšĕqêhem`ashaq: to press upon, i.e. oppress, defraud, violate, overflowH6231
  19. כֹּ֔חַkōaḥkoach: vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce)H3581
  20. וְאֵ֥יןwĕʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  21. לָהֶ֖םlāhem
  22. מְנַחֵֽם׃mĕnaḥēmnacham: (properly) to sigh, i.e. breathe stronglyH5162
2
  1. וְשַׁבֵּ֧חַwĕšabbēaḥshabach: (properly) to address in a loud tone, i.e. (specifically) loudH7623
  2. אֲנִ֛יʾănîaniy: IH589
  3. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  4. הַמֵּתִ֖יםhammētîmmuwth: (literally or figuratively) to die; (causatively) to killH4191
  5. שֶׁכְּבָ֣רšekkĕbārkbar: (properly) extent of time, i.e. a great whileH3528
  6. מֵ֑תוּmētûmuwth: (literally or figuratively) to die; (causatively) to killH4191
  7. מִןminmin: (properly) a part of; (hence, prepositionally) from or out of (in many senses)H4480
  8. הַ֣חַיִּ֔יםhaḥayyîmchay: alive; (hence) raw (flesh)H2416
  9. אֲשֶׁ֛רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  10. הֵ֥מָּהhēmmâhem: they (only used when emphatic)H1992
  11. חַיִּ֖יםḥayyîmchay: alive; (hence) raw (flesh)H2416
  12. עֲדֶֽנָה׃ʿădenâ`aden: till nowH5728
3
  1. וְטוֹב֙wĕṭôbtowb: good (as an adjective) in the widest senseH2896
  2. מִשְּׁנֵיהֶ֔םmiššĕnêhemshnayim: two; (as ordinal) twofoldH8147
  3. אֵ֥תʾēteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  4. אֲשֶׁרʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  5. עֲדֶ֖ןʿăden`aden: till nowH5728
  6. לֹ֣אlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  7. הָיָ֑הhāyâhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  8. אֲשֶׁ֤רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  9. לֹֽאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  10. רָאָה֙rāʾāhra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  11. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  12. הַמַּעֲשֶׂ֣הhammaʿăśema`aseh: an action (good or bad); (generally) a transactionH4639
  13. הָרָ֔עhārāʿra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  14. אֲשֶׁ֥רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  15. נַעֲשָׂ֖הnaʿăśâ`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  16. תַּ֥חַתtaḥattachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
  17. הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃haššāmešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
4
  1. וְרָאִ֨יתִֽיwĕrāʾîtîra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  2. אֲנִ֜יʾănîaniy: IH589
  3. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  4. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  5. עָמָ֗לʿāmāl`amal: toil, i.e. wearing effort; (hence) worry, wheth. of body or mindH5999
  6. וְאֵת֙wĕʾēteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  7. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  8. כִּשְׁר֣וֹןkišrônkishrown: success, advantageH3788
  9. הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֔הhammaʿăśema`aseh: an action (good or bad); (generally) a transactionH4639
  10. כִּ֛יkîkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  11. הִ֥יאhîʾhuw': (the third person pronoun singular) he, she, or it (only expressed when emphatic or without a verb)H1931
  12. קִנְאַתqinʾatqin'ah: jealousy or envyH7068
  13. אִ֖ישׁʾîšiysh: a man as an individual or a male personH376
  14. מֵרֵעֵ֑הוּmērēʿēhûrea`: an associate (more or less close)H7453
  15. גַּםgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  16. זֶ֥הzezeh: the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or thatH2088
  17. הֶ֖בֶלhebelhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  18. וּרְע֥וּתûrĕʿûtr`uwth: a feeding upon, i.e. grasping afterH7469
  19. רֽוּחַ׃rûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
5
  1. הַכְּסִיל֙hakkĕsîlkciyl: (properly) fat, i.e. (figuratively) stupid or sillyH3684
  2. חֹבֵ֣קḥōbēqchabaq: to clasp (the hands or in embrace)H2263
  3. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  4. יָדָ֔יוyādāywyad: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), in distinction from H3709, the closed one)H3027
  5. וְאֹכֵ֖לwĕʾōkēlakal: to eat (literally or figuratively)H398
  6. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  7. בְּשָׂרֽוֹ׃bĕśārôbasar: flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, personH1320
6
  1. ט֕וֹבṭôbtowb: good (as an adjective) in the widest senseH2896
  2. מְלֹ֥אmĕlōʾmlo': fullness (literally or figuratively)H4393
  3. כַ֖ףkapkaph: the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the...H3709
  4. נָ֑חַתnāḥatNachath: a descent, i.e. an imposition; (unfavorably) punishmentH5183
  5. מִמְּלֹ֥אmimmĕlōʾmlo': fullness (literally or figuratively)H4393
  6. חָפְנַ֛יִםḥopnayimchophen: a fist (only in the dual)H2651
  7. עָמָ֖לʿāmāl`amal: toil, i.e. wearing effort; (hence) worry, wheth. of body or mindH5999
  8. וּרְע֥וּתûrĕʿûtr`uwth: a feeding upon, i.e. grasping afterH7469
  9. רֽוּחַ׃rûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307
7
  1. וְשַׁ֧בְתִּיwĕšabtîshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  2. אֲנִ֛יʾănîaniy: IH589
  3. וָאֶרְאֶ֥הwāʾerʾera'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  4. הֶ֖בֶלhebelhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  5. תַּ֥חַתtaḥattachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
  6. הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃haššāmešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
8
  1. יֵ֣שׁyēšyesh: entity; used adverbially or as a copula for the substantive verb (H1961)H3426
  2. אֶחָד֩ʾeḥādechad: (properly) united, i.e. one; (as an ordinal) firstH259
  3. וְאֵ֨יןwĕʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  4. שֵׁנִ֜יšēnîsheniy: (properly) second (the ordinal number); (adverbially) againH8145
  5. גַּ֣םgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  6. בֵּ֧ןbēnben: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including...H1121
  7. וָאָ֣חwāʾāḥach: a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance (like H0001))H251
  8. אֵֽיןʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  9. ל֗וֹlô
  10. וְאֵ֥יןwĕʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  11. קֵץ֙qēṣqets: an extremity; adverbially (with prepositional prefix) afterH7093
  12. לְכָלlĕkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  13. עֲמָל֔וֹʿămālô`amal: toil, i.e. wearing effort; (hence) worry, wheth. of body or mindH5999
  14. גַּםgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  15. עֵינ֖יוֹʿênyô`ayin: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)H5869
  16. לֹאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  17. תִשְׂבַּ֣עtiśbaʿsaba`: to sate, i.e. fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)H7646
  18. עֹ֑שֶׁרʿōšer`osher: wealthH6239
  19. וּלְמִ֣י׀ûlĕmîmiy: who?; (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things) which?H4310
  20. אֲנִ֣יʾănîaniy: IH589
  21. עָמֵ֗לʿāmēl`amel: toiling; (concretely) a laborerH6001
  22. וּמְחַסֵּ֤רûmĕḥassērchacer: to lack; (by implication) to fail, want, lessenH2637
  23. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  24. נַפְשִׁי֙napšiynephesh: (properly) a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitalityH5315
  25. מִטּוֹבָ֔הmiṭṭôbâtowb: good (as an adjective) in the widest senseH2896
  26. גַּםgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  27. זֶ֥הzezeh: the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or thatH2088
  28. הֶ֛בֶלhebelhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  29. וְעִנְיַ֥ןwĕʿinyan`inyan: bustle; (generally) employmentH6045
  30. רָ֖עrāʿra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  31. הֽוּא׃hûʾhuw': (the third person pronoun singular) he, she, or it (only expressed when emphatic or without a verb)H1931
9
  1. טוֹבִ֥יםṭôbîmtowb: good (as an adjective) in the widest senseH2896
  2. הַשְּׁנַ֖יִםhaššĕnayimshnayim: two; (as ordinal) twofoldH8147
  3. מִןminmin: (properly) a part of; (hence, prepositionally) from or out of (in many senses)H4480
  4. הָאֶחָ֑דhāʾeḥādechad: (properly) united, i.e. one; (as an ordinal) firstH259
  5. אֲשֶׁ֧רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  6. יֵשׁyēšyesh: entity; used adverbially or as a copula for the substantive verb (H1961)H3426
  7. לָהֶ֛םlāhemhem: they (only used when emphatic)H1992
  8. שָׂכָ֥רśākārsakar: payment of contract; (concretely) salary, fare, maintenanceH7939
  9. ט֖וֹבṭôbtowb: good (as an adjective) in the widest senseH2896
  10. בַּעֲמָלָֽם׃baʿămālām`amal: toil, i.e. wearing effort; (hence) worry, wheth. of body or mindH5999
10
  1. כִּ֣יkîkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  2. אִםʾimim: (used very widely as demonstrative) lo!; (interrogatively) whether?H518
  3. יִפֹּ֔לוּyippōlûnaphal: to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)H5307
  4. הָאֶחָ֖דhāʾeḥādechad: (properly) united, i.e. one; (as an ordinal) firstH259
  5. יָקִ֣יםyāqîmquwm: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)H6965
  6. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  7. חֲבֵר֑וֹḥăbērôchaber: an associateH2270
  8. וְאִ֣יל֗וֹwĕʾîlôiy: alas!H337
  9. הָֽאֶחָד֙hāʾeḥādechad: (properly) united, i.e. one; (as an ordinal) firstH259
  10. שֶׁיִּפּ֔וֹלšeyyippôlnaphal: to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)H5307
  11. וְאֵ֥יןwĕʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  12. שֵׁנִ֖יšēnîsheniy: (properly) second (the ordinal number); (adverbially) againH8145
  13. לַהֲקִימֽוֹ׃lahăqîmôquwm: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)H6965
11
  1. גַּ֛םgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  2. אִםʾimim: (used very widely as demonstrative) lo!; (interrogatively) whether?H518
  3. יִשְׁכְּב֥וּyiškĕbûshakab: to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)H7901
  4. שְׁנַ֖יִםšĕnayimshnayim: two; (as ordinal) twofoldH8147
  5. וְחַ֣םwĕḥamchamam: to be hot (literally or figuratively)H2552
  6. לָהֶ֑םlāhem
  7. וּלְאֶחָ֖דûlĕʾeḥādechad: (properly) united, i.e. one; (as an ordinal) firstH259
  8. אֵ֥יךְʾêkeyk: how? or how!; (also) where?H349
  9. יֵחָֽם׃yēḥāmyacham: probably to be hot; (figuratively) to conceiveH3179
12
  1. וְאִֽםwĕʾimim: (used very widely as demonstrative) lo!; (interrogatively) whether?H518
  2. יִתְקְפוֹ֙yitqĕpôtaqaph: to overpowerH8630
  3. הָאֶחָ֔דhāʾeḥādechad: (properly) united, i.e. one; (as an ordinal) firstH259
  4. הַשְּׁנַ֖יִםhaššĕnayimshnayim: two; (as ordinal) twofoldH8147
  5. יַעַמְד֣וּyaʿamdû`amad: to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)H5975
  6. נֶגְדּ֑וֹnegdôneged: a front, i.e. part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mateH5048
  7. וְהַחוּט֙wĕhaḥûṭchuwt: a string; (by implication) a measuring tapeH2339
  8. הַֽמְשֻׁלָּ֔שׁhamšullāšshalash: but apparently used only as denominative from H7969, to be (causatively, make) triplicate (by restoration, in...H8027
  9. לֹ֥אlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  10. בִמְהֵרָ֖הbimhērâmherah: (properly) a hurry; hence (adverbially) promptlyH4120
  11. יִנָּתֵֽק׃yinnātēqnathaq: to tear offH5423
13
  1. ט֛וֹבṭôbtowb: good (as an adjective) in the widest senseH2896
  2. יֶ֥לֶדyeledyeled: something born, i.e. a lad or offspringH3206
  3. מִסְכֵּ֖ןmiskēnmicken: indigentH4542
  4. וְחָכָ֑םwĕḥākāmchakam: wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful)H2450
  5. מִמֶּ֤לֶךְmimmelekmelek: a kingH4428
  6. זָקֵן֙zāqēnzaqen: oldH2205
  7. וּכְסִ֔ילûkĕsîlkciyl: (properly) fat, i.e. (figuratively) stupid or sillyH3684
  8. אֲשֶׁ֛רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  9. לֹאlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  10. יָדַ֥עyādaʿyada`: to know; (properly) to ascertain by seeingH3045
  11. לְהִזָּהֵ֖רlĕhizzāhērzahar: to gleam; (figuratively) to enlighten (by caution)H2094
  12. עֽוֹד׃ʿôd`owd: (properly) iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly...H5750
14
  1. כִּֽיkîkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  2. מִבֵּ֥יתmibbêtbayith: a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)H1004
  3. הָסוּרִ֖יםhāsûrîmecuwr: a bond (especially manacles of a prisoner)H612
  4. יָצָ֣אyāṣāʾyatsa': to go out; (causatively) to bring outH3318
  5. לִמְלֹ֑ךְlimlōkmalak: to reign; (inceptively) to ascend the throneH4427
  6. כִּ֛יkîkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  7. גַּ֥םgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  8. בְּמַלְכוּת֖וֹbĕmalkûtômalkuwth: a rule; (concretely) a dominionH4438
  9. נוֹלַ֥דnôladyalad: to bear young; (causatively) to begetH3205
  10. רָֽשׁ׃rāšruwsh: to be destituteH7326
15
  1. רָאִ֙יתִי֙rāʾîtiyra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  2. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  3. כָּלkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  4. הַ֣חַיִּ֔יםhaḥayyîmchay: alive; (hence) raw (flesh)H2416
  5. הַֽמְהַלְּכִ֖יםhamhallĕkîmhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  6. תַּ֣חַתtaḥattachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
  7. הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁhaššāmešshemesh: the sun; (by implication) the eastH8121
  8. עִ֚םʿim`im: adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applicationsH5973
  9. הַיֶּ֣לֶדhayyeledyeled: something born, i.e. a lad or offspringH3206
  10. הַשֵּׁנִ֔יhaššēnîsheniy: (properly) second (the ordinal number); (adverbially) againH8145
  11. אֲשֶׁ֥רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  12. יַעֲמֹ֖דyaʿămōd`amad: to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)H5975
  13. תַּחְתָּֽיו׃taḥtāywtachath: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of...H8478
16
  1. אֵֽיןʾênayin: a non-entity; (generally) used as a negative particleH369
  2. קֵ֣ץqēṣqets: an extremity; adverbially (with prepositional prefix) afterH7093
  3. לְכָלlĕkālkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  4. הָעָ֗םhāʿām`am: a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel)H5971
  5. לְכֹ֤לlĕkōlkol: (properly) the whole; (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)H3605
  6. אֲשֶׁרʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  7. הָיָה֙hāyāhhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  8. לִפְנֵיהֶ֔םlipnêhempaniym: the face (as the part that turns); (with prepositional prefix, as a preposition) before, etc.H6440
  9. גַּ֥םgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  10. הָאַחֲרוֹנִ֖יםhāʾaḥărônîmacharown: hinder; (generally) late or lastH314
  11. לֹ֣אlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  12. יִשְׂמְחוּyiśmĕḥûsamach: probably to brighten up, i.e. (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesomeH8055
  13. ב֑וֹbô
  14. כִּֽיkîkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  15. גַםgamgam: (properly) assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, thoughH1571
  16. זֶ֥הzezeh: the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or thatH2088
  17. הֶ֖בֶלhebelhebel: emptiness or vanity; (figuratively) something transitory and unsatisfactoryH1892
  18. וְרַעְי֥וֹןwĕraʿyônra`yown: desireH7475
  19. רֽוּחַ׃rûaḥruwach: wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalationH7307

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Strong's words in Ecclesiastes 4 (6)
Strong's H1571 — גַּם (gam)
gam (gam) adv. 1. (properly) assemblage 2. used only adverbially also, even, yea, though 3. often repeated as correl. both...and [by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather] KJV: again, alike, also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and , but, either...or, even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover, nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea.. Appears 8 times in Ecclesiastes 4.
Strong's H3605 — כָּל (kāl)
kol (kole) (or (Jer. 33) n-m. 1. (properly) the whole 2. (hence) all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense) [from H3634] KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). Root(s): H3634. Appears 7 times in Ecclesiastes 4.
Strong's H369 — וְאֵ֤ין (wĕʾên)
ayin (ah'-yin) prt-n. 1. a non-entity 2. (generally) used as a negative particle [as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not exist] KJV: else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone, in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any, thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable), well-nigh, without. Compare: H370. Appears 7 times in Ecclesiastes 4.
Strong's H259 — אֶחָד֩ (ʾeḥād)
echad (ekh-awd') adj. 1. (properly) united, i.e. one 2. (as an ordinal) first [a numeral from H258] KJV: a, alike, alone, altogether, and, any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), + eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only, other, some, together, Root(s): H258. Appears 6 times in Ecclesiastes 4.
Strong's H2896 — וְטוֹב֙ (wĕṭôb)
towb (tobe) adj. 1. good (as an adjective) in the widest sense 2. used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good thing, a good man or woman 3. the good, goods or good things, good men or women), also as an adverb (well) [from H2895] KJV: beautiful, best, better, bountiful, cheerful, at ease, X fair (word), (be in) favour, fine, glad, good (deed, -lier, -liest, -ly, -ness, -s), graciously, joyful, kindly, kindness, liketh (best), loving, merry, X most, pleasant, + pleaseth, pleasure, precious, prosperity, ready, sweet, wealth, welfare, (be) well (-favoured). Root(s): H2895. Appears 6 times in Ecclesiastes 4.
Strong's H7200 — וָאֶרְאֶה֙ (wāʾerʾeh)
ra'ah (raw-aw') v. 1. to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative) [a primitive root] KJV: advise self, appear, approve, behold, X certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have experience, gaze, take heed, X indeed, X joyfully, lo, look (on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up, upon), mark, meet, X be near, perceive, present, provide, regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one another), shew (self), X sight of others, (e-)spy, stare, X surely, X think, view, visions.. Appears 5 times in Ecclesiastes 4.

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“And leaving all these reflections, I considered and turned in aversion from all the forms of oppression which are done among men; whence some receiving injury weep and lament, who are struck down by violence in utter default of those who protect them, or who should by all mean...”

— Gregory of Neocaesarea (3rd century) on Ecclesiastes 4:1
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