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Jonah 3 Salar NVS Audio Bible

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Cross-references, Hebrew word study, and what the Early Church wrote about Jonah 3. Tap any section to expand — or right-click any verse for the full interactive study panel.

Jonah 3 study resources: word-by-word Hebrew interlinear with Strong's numbers, 8 cross-references, 5 Early-Church citations.

Cross-references in Jonah 3 (8)

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Hebrew interlinear — Jonah 3:1–10 (139 words)
1
  1. ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดึงื™wayhรฎhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  2. ื“ึฐื‘ึทืจdฤ•bardabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  3. ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธึ›ื”yฤ•hwรขYhovah: (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodH3068
  4. ืึถืœสพelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  5. ื™ื•ึนื ึธึ–ื”yรดnรขYonah: Jonah, an IsraeliteH3124
  6. ืฉืึตื ึดึฅื™ืชลกฤ“nรฎtsheniy: (properly) second (the ordinal number); (adverbially) againH8145
  7. ืœึตืืžึนึฝืจืƒlฤ“สพmลramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
2
  1. ืงึ›ื•ึผืqรปmquwm: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)H6965
  2. ืœึตึฅืšึฐlฤ“khalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  3. ืึถืœสพelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  4. ื ึดึฝื™ื ึฐื•ึตึ–ื”nรฎnฤ•wฤ“Niynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  5. ื”ึธืขึดึฃื™ืจhฤสฟรฎr`iyr: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)H5892
  6. ื”ึทื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธึ‘ื”haggฤ•dรดlรขgadowl: great (in any sense); (hence) olderH1419
  7. ื•ึผึดืงึฐืจึธึคืรปiqrฤสพqara': to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)H7121
  8. ืึตืœึถึ™ื™ื”ึธึ™สพฤ“lรชhฤel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  9. ืึถืชสพeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  10. ื”ึทืงึผึฐืจึดื™ืึธึ”ื”haqqฤ•rรฎสพรขqriy'ah: a proclamationH7150
  11. ืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจสพฤƒลกeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  12. ืึธื ึนื›ึดึ–ื™สพฤnลkรฎanokiy: IH595
  13. ื“ึผึนื‘ึตึฅืจdลbฤ“rdabar: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speakH1696
  14. ืึตืœึถึฝื™ืšึธืƒสพฤ“lรชkฤel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
3
  1. ื•ึทื™ึผึธึฃืงึธืwayyฤqomquwm: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)H6965
  2. ื™ื•ึนื ึธึ—ื”yรดnรขYonah: Jonah, an IsraeliteH3124
  3. ื•ึทื™ึผึตึ›ืœึถืšึฐwayyฤ“lekhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  4. ืึถืœสพelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  5. ื ึดึฝื™ื ึฐื•ึถึ–ื”nรฎnฤ•weNiynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  6. ื›ึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึทึฃืจkidbardabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  7. ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธึ‘ื”yฤ•hwรขYhovah: (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodH3068
  8. ื•ึฐื ึดึฝื™ื ึฐื•ึตึ—ื”wฤ•nรฎnฤ•wฤ“Niynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  9. ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธึคื”hฤytรขhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  10. ืขึดื™ืจสฟรฎr`iyr: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)H5892
  11. ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื”ึ™gฤ•dรดlฤhgadowl: great (in any sense); (hence) olderH1419
  12. ืœึตึฝืืœึนื”ึดึ”ื™ืlฤ“สพlลhรฎmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  13. ืžึทื”ึฒืœึทึ–ืšึฐmahฤƒlakmahalak: a walk, i.e. a passage or a distanceH4109
  14. ืฉืึฐืœึนึฅืฉืึถืชลกฤ•lลลกetshalowsh: three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multipl.) thriceH7969
  15. ื™ึธืžึดึฝื™ืืƒyฤmรฎmyowm: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or...H3117
4
  1. ื•ึทื™ึผึธึคื—ึถืœwayyฤแธฅelchalal: (properly) to bore; (by implication) to wound, to dissolveH2490
  2. ื™ื•ึนื ึธื”ึ™yรดnฤhYonah: Jonah, an IsraeliteH3124
  3. ืœึธื‘ึฃื•ึนืlฤbรดสพbow': to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)H935
  4. ื‘ึธืขึดึ”ื™ืจbฤสฟรฎr`iyr: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)H5892
  5. ืžึทื”ึฒืœึทึ–ืšึฐmahฤƒlakmahalak: a walk, i.e. a passage or a distanceH4109
  6. ื™ึฃื•ึนืyรดmyowm: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or...H3117
  7. ืึถื—ึธึ‘ื“สพeแธฅฤdechad: (properly) united, i.e. one; (as an ordinal) firstH259
  8. ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธืึ™wayyiqrฤสพqara': to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)H7121
  9. ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึทึ”ืจwayyลสพmaramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  10. ืขึšื•ึนื“สฟรดd`owd: (properly) iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly...H5750
  11. ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึดึฃื™ืสพarbฤสฟรฎmarba`iym: fortyH705
  12. ื™ึ”ื•ึนืyรดmyowm: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or...H3117
  13. ื•ึฐื ึดึฝื™ื ึฐื•ึตึ–ื”wฤ•nรฎnฤ•wฤ“Niynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  14. ื ึถื”ึฐืคึผึธึฝื›ึถืชืƒnehpฤkethaphak: to turn about or over; (by implication) to change, overturn, return, pervertH2015
5
  1. ื•ึทึฝื™ึผึทืึฒืžึดึ›ื™ื ื•ึผwayyaสพฤƒmรฎnรปaman: (properly) to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurseH539
  2. ืึทื ึฐืฉืึตึฅื™สพanลกรชiysh: a man as an individual or a male personH376
  3. ื ึดึฝื™ื ึฐื•ึตึ–ื”nรฎnฤ•wฤ“Niynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  4. ื‘ึผึตึฝืืœึนื”ึดึ‘ื™ืbฤ“สพlลhรฎmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  5. ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึฐืื•ึผwayyiqrฤ•สพรปqara': to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)H7121
  6. ืฆื•ึนืึ™แนฃรดmtsowm: a fastH6685
  7. ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึฐื‘ึผึฐืฉืึฃื•ึผwayyilbฤ•ลกรปlabash: (properly) wrap around; (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe (oneself, or another), literally or...H3847
  8. ืฉื‚ึทืงึผึดึ”ื™ืล›aqqรฎmsaq: (properly) a mesh (as allowing a liquid to run through), i.e. coarse loose cloth or sacking (used in mourning and...H8242
  9. ืžึดื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธึ–ืmiggฤ•dรดlฤmgadowl: great (in any sense); (hence) olderH1419
  10. ื•ึฐืขึทื“wฤ•สฟad`ad: (properly) a (peremptory) terminusH5704
  11. ืงึฐื˜ึทื ึผึธึฝืืƒqฤ•แนญannฤmqatan: abbreviated, i.e. diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in age or importance)H6996
6
  1. ื•ึทื™ึผึดื’ึผึทึคืขwayyiggaสฟnaga`: (properly) to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purposeH5060
  2. ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจึ™haddฤbฤrdabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  3. ืึถืœสพelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  4. ืžึถึฃืœึถืšmelekmelek: a kingH4428
  5. ื ึดึฝื™ื ึฐื•ึตึ”ื”nรฎnฤ•wฤ“Niynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  6. ื•ึทื™ึผึธึ™ืงึธืึ™wayyฤqฤmquwm: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)H6965
  7. ืžึดื›ึผึดืกึฐืึ”ื•ึนmikkisสพรดkicce': (properly) covered, i.e. a throne (as canopied)H3678
  8. ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒื‘ึตึฅืจwayyaสฟฤƒbฤ“r`abar: to cross overH5674
  9. ืึทื“ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึ–ื•ึนสพaddartรดaddereth: something ample (as a large vine, a wide dress)H155
  10. ืžึตึฝืขึธืœึธึ‘ื™ื•mฤ“สฟฤlฤyw`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  11. ื•ึทื™ึฐื›ึทึฃืกwaykaskacah: (properly) to plump, i.e. fill up hollowsH3680
  12. ืฉื‚ึทึ”ืงล›aqsaq: (properly) a mesh (as allowing a liquid to run through), i.e. coarse loose cloth or sacking (used in mourning and...H8242
  13. ื•ึทื™ึผึตึ–ืฉืึถื‘wayyฤ“ลกebyashab: (properly) to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet)H3427
  14. ืขึทืœสฟal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  15. ื”ึธืึตึฝืคึถืจืƒhฤสพฤ“perepher: ashesH665
7
  1. ื•ึทื™ึผึทื–ึฐืขึตึ—ืงwayyazสฟฤ“qza`aq: to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publiclyH2199
  2. ื•ึทื™ึผึนึ™ืืžึถืจึ™wayyลสพmeramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  3. ื‘ึผึฐื ึดึฝื™ื ึฐื•ึตึ”ื”bฤ•nรฎnฤ•wฤ“Niynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  4. ืžึดื˜ึผึทึงืขึทืmiแนญแนญaสฟamta`am: (properly) a taste, i.e. (figuratively) perceptionH2940
  5. ื”ึทืžึผึถึ›ืœึถืšึฐhammelekmelek: a kingH4428
  6. ื•ึผื’ึฐื“ึนืœึธึ–ื™ื•รปgฤ•dลlฤywgadowl: great (in any sense); (hence) olderH1419
  7. ืœึตืืžึนึ‘ืจlฤ“สพmลramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  8. ื”ึธืึธื“ึธึจืhฤสพฤdฤmadam: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)H120
  9. ื•ึฐื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื”ึตืžึธึœื”wฤ•habbฤ•hฤ“mรขbhemah: (properly) a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)H929
  10. ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืงึธึฃืจhabbฤqฤrbaqar: beef cattle or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing)H1241
  11. ื•ึฐื”ึทืฆึผึนึ—ืืŸwฤ•haแนฃแนฃลntso'n: a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats)H6629
  12. ืึทึฝืœสพalal: (qualified negation) not (used as a deprecative)H408
  13. ื™ึดื˜ึฐืขึฒืžื•ึผึ™yiแนญสฟฤƒmรปta`am: to taste; (figuratively) to perceiveH2938
  14. ืžึฐืึ”ื•ึผืžึธื”mฤ•สพรปmรขmuwmah: (properly) a speck or point; (by implication) somethingH3972
  15. ืึทึจืœสพalal: (qualified negation) not (used as a deprecative)H408
  16. ื™ึดืจึฐืขึ”ื•ึผyirสฟรปra`ah: to tend a flock i.e. pasture it; (intransitively, literally or figuratively) to grazeH7462
  17. ื•ึผืžึทึ–ื™ึดืรปmayimmayim: water; (figuratively) juiceH4325
  18. ืึทืœสพalal: (qualified negation) not (used as a deprecative)H408
  19. ื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึฝื•ึผืƒyiลกtรปshathah: to imbibe (literally or figuratively)H8354
8
  1. ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึฐื›ึผึทืกึผึฃื•ึผwฤ•yitkassรปkacah: (properly) to plump, i.e. fill up hollowsH3680
  2. ืฉื‚ึทืงึผึดึ—ื™ืล›aqqรฎmsaq: (properly) a mesh (as allowing a liquid to run through), i.e. coarse loose cloth or sacking (used in mourning and...H8242
  3. ื”ึธึฝืึธื“ึธืึ™hฤสพฤdฤmadam: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)H120
  4. ื•ึฐื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื”ึตืžึธึ”ื”wฤ•habbฤ•hฤ“mรขbhemah: (properly) a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)H929
  5. ื•ึฐื™ึดืงึฐืจึฐืึฅื•ึผwฤ•yiqrฤ•สพรปqara': to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)H7121
  6. ืึถืœสพelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  7. ืึฑืœึนื”ึดึ–ื™ืสพฤ•lลhรฎmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  8. ื‘ึผึฐื—ึธื–ึฐืงึธึ‘ื”bฤ•แธฅozqรขchozqah: vehemence (usually in a bad sense)H2394
  9. ื•ึฐื™ึธืฉืึปึ—ื‘ื•ึผwฤ•yฤลกubรปshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  10. ืึดึšื™ืฉืสพรฎลกiysh: a man as an individual or a male personH376
  11. ืžึดื“ึผึทืจึฐื›ึผึฃื•ึนmiddarkรดderek: a road (as trodden); (figuratively) a course of life or mode of action, often adverbH1870
  12. ื”ึธึฝืจึธืขึธึ”ื”hฤrฤสฟรขra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  13. ื•ึผืžึดืŸรปminmin: (properly) a part of; (hence, prepositionally) from or out of (in many senses)H4480
  14. ื”ึถื—ึธืžึธึ–ืกheแธฅฤmฤschamac: violence; (by implication) wrongH2555
  15. ืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจสพฤƒลกeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  16. ื‘ึผึฐื›ึทืคึผึตื™ื”ึถึฝืืƒbฤ•kappรชhemkaph: the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the...H3709
9
  1. ืžึดึฝื™mรฎmiy: who?; (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things) which?H4310
  2. ื™ื•ึนื“ึตึฃืขึทyรดdฤ“aสฟyada`: to know; (properly) to ascertain by seeingH3045
  3. ื™ึธืฉืึ”ื•ึผื‘yฤลกรปbshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  4. ื•ึฐื ึดื—ึทึ–ืwฤ•niแธฅamnacham: (properly) to sigh, i.e. breathe stronglyH5162
  5. ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดึ‘ื™ืhฤสพฤ•lลhรฎmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  6. ื•ึฐืฉืึธึ›ื‘wฤ•ลกฤbshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  7. ืžึตื—ึฒืจึฅื•ึนืŸmฤ“แธฅฤƒrรดncharown: a burning of angerH2740
  8. ืึทืคึผึ–ื•ึนสพappรดaph: (properly) the nose or nostril; (hence) the face, and occasionally a personH639
  9. ื•ึฐืœึนึฅืwฤ•lลสพlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  10. ื ึนืื‘ึตึฝื“ืƒnลสพbฤ“dabad: (properly) to wander away, i.e. lose oneselfH6
10
  1. ื•ึทื™ึผึทึคืจึฐืwayyarra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  2. ื”ึธึฝืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ืึ™hฤสพฤ•lลhรฎmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  3. ืึถึฝืชสพeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  4. ืžึทึฃืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื™ื”ึถึ”ืmaสฟฤƒล›รชhemma`aseh: an action (good or bad); (generally) a transactionH4639
  5. ื›ึผึดื™kรฎkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  6. ืฉืึธึ–ื‘ื•ึผลกฤbรปshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  7. ืžึดื“ึผึทืจึฐื›ึผึธึฃืmiddarkฤmderek: a road (as trodden); (figuratively) a course of life or mode of action, often adverbH1870
  8. ื”ึธืจึธืขึธึ‘ื”hฤrฤสฟรขra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  9. ื•ึทื™ึผึดื ึผึธึฃื—ึถืwayyinnฤแธฅemnacham: (properly) to sigh, i.e. breathe stronglyH5162
  10. ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดึ—ื™ืhฤสพฤ•lลhรฎmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  11. ืขึทืœสฟal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  12. ื”ึธืจึธืขึธึ›ื”hฤrฤสฟรขra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  13. ืึฒืฉืึถืจสพฤƒลกeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  14. ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถึฅืจdibberdabar: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speakH1696
  15. ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืชlaสฟฤƒล›รดt`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  16. ืœึธื”ึถึ–ืlฤhemhem: they (only used when emphatic)H1992
  17. ื•ึฐืœึนึฅืwฤ•lลสพlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  18. ืขึธืฉื‚ึธึฝื”ืƒสฟฤล›รข`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213

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Strong's words in Jonah 3 (6)
Strong's H5210 — ื ึดึฝื™ื ึฐื•ึตึ–ื” (nรฎnฤ•wฤ“)
Niynveh (nee-nev-ay') n/l. 1. Nineveh, the capital of Assyria [of foreign origin] KJV: Nineveh.. Appears 7 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H430 — ืœึตึฝืืœึนื”ึดึ”ื™ื (lฤ“สพlลhรฎm)
elohiym (el-o-heem') n-m. 1. gods in the ordinary sense 2. but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God 3. occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates 4. and sometimes as a superlative [plural of H433] KJV: angels, X exceeding, God (gods)(-dess, -ly), X (very) great, judges, X mighty. Root(s): H433. Appears 6 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H1419 — ื”ึทื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธึ‘ื” (haggฤ•dรดlรข)
gadowl (gaw-dole') (or (shortened) gadol {gaw-dole'}) adj. 1. great (in any sense) 2. (hence) older 3. also insolent [from H1431] KJV: + aloud, elder(-est), + exceeding(-ly), + far, (man of) great (man, matter, thing,-er,-ness), high, long, loud, mighty, more, much, noble, proud thing, X sore, (X ) very. Root(s): H1431. Appears 4 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H559 — ืœึตืืžึนึฝืจืƒ (lฤ“สพmลr)
amar (aw-mar') v. 1. to say (used with great latitude) [a primitive root] KJV: answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech), utter, X verily, X yet.. Appears 4 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H7121 — ื•ึผึดืงึฐืจึธึคื (รปiqrฤสพ)
qara' (kaw-raw') v. 1. to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications) [a primitive root (rather identical with H7122 through the idea of accosting a person met)] KJV: bewray (self), that are bidden, call (for, forth, self, upon), cry (unto), (be) famous, guest, invite, mention, (give) name, preach, (make) proclaim(- ation), pronounce, publish, read, renowned, say. Root(s): H7122. Appears 4 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H7725 — ื•ึฐื™ึธืฉืึปึ—ื‘ื•ึผ (wฤ•yฤลกubรป)
shuwb (shoob) v. 1. to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point) 2. (generally) to retreat 3. (often adverbially) again [a primitive root] KJV: ((break, build, circumcise, dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge, make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) X again, (cause to) answer (+ again), X in any case (wise), X at all, averse, bring (again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back), cease, X certainly, come again (back), X consider, + continually, convert, deliver (again), + deny, draw back, fetch home again, X fro, get (oneself) (back) again, X give (again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see) more, X needs, be past, X pay, pervert, pull in again, put (again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh, relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve, (cause to, make to) return, reverse, reward, + say nay, send back, set again, slide back, still, X surely, take back (off), (cause to, make to) turn (again, self again, away, back, back again, backward, from, off), withdraw.. Appears 4 times in Jonah 3.

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“Jonah proclaimed destruction to the Ninevites; but they, repenting of their sins, propitiated God by prayer, and obtained salvation, although they were aliens [to the covenant] of God.”

— Clement of Rome (1st century) on Jonah 3:4
What the Early Church wrote about Jonah 3 (4)

  • “Jonah proclaimed destruction to the Ninevites; but they, repenting of their sins, propitiated God by prayer, and obtained salvation, although they were aliens [to the covenant] of God.”

  • “Divine repentance takes in all cases a different form from that of man, in that it is never regarded as the result of improvidence or of fickleness, or of any condemnation of a good or an evil work. For it will have no other meaning than a simple change of a prior purpose; and...”

  • “I see how the Ninevites obtained forgiveness of their sins from the Creatorโ€”not to say from Christ [by way of anticipation], even then, because from the beginning he was acting in the Fatherโ€™s name.”

  • “Was the one who says, โ€œYet three days and Nineveh shall be destroyed,โ€ speaking as one who speaks truly or not? Or as one who deceives by a deceit that converts? If that kind of conversion did not happen, was what was said no longer a deceit but already truth.”

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