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Jonah 3 WEB Audio Bible

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1 Yahweh’s word came to Jonah the second time, saying,
2 “Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and preach to it the message that I give you.”
3 So Jonah arose, and went to Nineveh, according to Yahweh’s word. Now Nineveh was an exceedingly great city, three days’ journey across.
4 Jonah began to enter into the city a day’s journey, and he cried out, and said, “In forty days, Nineveh will be overthrown!”
5 The people of Nineveh believed God; and they proclaimed a fast, and put on sackcloth, from their greatest even to their least.
6 The news reached the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and took off his royal robe, covered himself with sackcloth, and sat in ashes.
7 He made a proclamation and published through Nineveh by the decree of the king and his nobles, saying, “Let neither man nor animal, herd nor flock, taste anything; let them not feed, nor drink water;
8 but let them be covered with sackcloth, both man and animal, and let them cry mightily to God. Yes, let them turn everyone from his evil way, and from the violence that is in his hands.
9 Who knows whether God will not turn and relent, and turn away from his fierce anger, so that we might not perish?”
10 God saw their works, that they turned from their evil way. God relented of the disaster which he said he would do to them, and he didn’t do it.

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Cross-references, Hebrew word study, and what the Early Church wrote about Jonah 3. Tap any section to expand — or right-click any verse for the full interactive study panel.

Jonah 3 study resources: word-by-word Hebrew interlinear with Strong's numbers, 8 cross-references, 5 Early-Church citations.

Cross-references in Jonah 3 (8)

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Hebrew interlinear — Jonah 3:1–10 (139 words)
1
  1. וַיְהִ֧יwayhîhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  2. דְבַרdĕbardabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  3. יְהוָ֛הyĕhwâYhovah: (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodH3068
  4. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  5. יוֹנָ֖הyônâYonah: Jonah, an IsraeliteH3124
  6. שֵׁנִ֥יתšēnîtsheniy: (properly) second (the ordinal number); (adverbially) againH8145
  7. לֵאמֹֽר׃lēʾmōramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
2
  1. ק֛וּםqûmquwm: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)H6965
  2. לֵ֥ךְlēkhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  3. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  4. נִֽינְוֵ֖הnînĕwēNiynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  5. הָעִ֣ירhāʿîr`iyr: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)H5892
  6. הַגְּדוֹלָ֑הhaggĕdôlâgadowl: great (in any sense); (hence) olderH1419
  7. וִּקְרָ֤אûiqrāʾqara': to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)H7121
  8. אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ʾēlêhāel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  9. אֶתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  10. הַקְּרִיאָ֔הhaqqĕrîʾâqriy'ah: a proclamationH7150
  11. אֲשֶׁ֥רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  12. אָנֹכִ֖יʾānōkîanokiy: IH595
  13. דֹּבֵ֥רdōbērdabar: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speakH1696
  14. אֵלֶֽיךָ׃ʾēlêkāel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
3
  1. וַיָּ֣קָםwayyāqomquwm: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)H6965
  2. יוֹנָ֗הyônâYonah: Jonah, an IsraeliteH3124
  3. וַיֵּ֛לֶךְwayyēlekhalak: a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)H1980
  4. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  5. נִֽינְוֶ֖הnînĕweNiynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  6. כִּדְבַ֣רkidbardabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  7. יְהוָ֑הyĕhwâYhovah: (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodH3068
  8. וְנִֽינְוֵ֗הwĕnînĕwēNiynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  9. הָיְתָ֤הhāytâhayah: to exist; to be or becomeH1961
  10. עִירʿîr`iyr: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)H5892
  11. גְּדוֹלָה֙gĕdôlāhgadowl: great (in any sense); (hence) olderH1419
  12. לֵֽאלֹהִ֔יםlēʾlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  13. מַהֲלַ֖ךְmahălakmahalak: a walk, i.e. a passage or a distanceH4109
  14. שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁתšĕlōšetshalowsh: three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multipl.) thriceH7969
  15. יָמִֽים׃yāmîmyowm: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or...H3117
4
  1. וַיָּ֤חֶלwayyāḥelchalal: (properly) to bore; (by implication) to wound, to dissolveH2490
  2. יוֹנָה֙yônāhYonah: Jonah, an IsraeliteH3124
  3. לָב֣וֹאlābôʾbow': to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)H935
  4. בָעִ֔ירbāʿîr`iyr: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)H5892
  5. מַהֲלַ֖ךְmahălakmahalak: a walk, i.e. a passage or a distanceH4109
  6. י֣וֹםyômyowm: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or...H3117
  7. אֶחָ֑דʾeḥādechad: (properly) united, i.e. one; (as an ordinal) firstH259
  8. וַיִּקְרָא֙wayyiqrāʾqara': to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)H7121
  9. וַיֹּאמַ֔רwayyōʾmaramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  10. ע֚וֹדʿôd`owd: (properly) iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly...H5750
  11. אַרְבָּעִ֣יםʾarbāʿîmarba`iym: fortyH705
  12. י֔וֹםyômyowm: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or...H3117
  13. וְנִֽינְוֵ֖הwĕnînĕwēNiynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  14. נֶהְפָּֽכֶת׃nehpākethaphak: to turn about or over; (by implication) to change, overturn, return, pervertH2015
5
  1. וַֽיַּאֲמִ֛ינוּwayyaʾămînûaman: (properly) to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurseH539
  2. אַנְשֵׁ֥יʾanšêiysh: a man as an individual or a male personH376
  3. נִֽינְוֵ֖הnînĕwēNiynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  4. בֵּֽאלֹהִ֑יםbēʾlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  5. וַיִּקְרְאוּwayyiqrĕʾûqara': to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)H7121
  6. צוֹם֙ṣômtsowm: a fastH6685
  7. וַיִּלְבְּשׁ֣וּwayyilbĕšûlabash: (properly) wrap around; (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe (oneself, or another), literally or...H3847
  8. שַׂקִּ֔יםśaqqîmsaq: (properly) a mesh (as allowing a liquid to run through), i.e. coarse loose cloth or sacking (used in mourning and...H8242
  9. מִגְּדוֹלָ֖םmiggĕdôlāmgadowl: great (in any sense); (hence) olderH1419
  10. וְעַדwĕʿad`ad: (properly) a (peremptory) terminusH5704
  11. קְטַנָּֽם׃qĕṭannāmqatan: abbreviated, i.e. diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in age or importance)H6996
6
  1. וַיִּגַּ֤עwayyiggaʿnaga`: (properly) to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purposeH5060
  2. הַדָּבָר֙haddābārdabar: a word; (by implication) a matter (as spoken of) or thingH1697
  3. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  4. מֶ֣לֶךmelekmelek: a kingH4428
  5. נִֽינְוֵ֔הnînĕwēNiynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  6. וַיָּ֙קָם֙wayyāqāmquwm: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)H6965
  7. מִכִּסְא֔וֹmikkisʾôkicce': (properly) covered, i.e. a throne (as canopied)H3678
  8. וַיַּעֲבֵ֥רwayyaʿăbēr`abar: to cross overH5674
  9. אַדַּרְתּ֖וֹʾaddartôaddereth: something ample (as a large vine, a wide dress)H155
  10. מֵֽעָלָ֑יוmēʿālāyw`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  11. וַיְכַ֣סwaykaskacah: (properly) to plump, i.e. fill up hollowsH3680
  12. שַׂ֔קśaqsaq: (properly) a mesh (as allowing a liquid to run through), i.e. coarse loose cloth or sacking (used in mourning and...H8242
  13. וַיֵּ֖שֶׁבwayyēšebyashab: (properly) to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet)H3427
  14. עַלʿal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  15. הָאֵֽפֶר׃hāʾēperepher: ashesH665
7
  1. וַיַּזְעֵ֗קwayyazʿēqza`aq: to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publiclyH2199
  2. וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙wayyōʾmeramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  3. בְּנִֽינְוֵ֔הbĕnînĕwēNiynveh: Nineveh, the capital of AssyriaH5210
  4. מִטַּ֧עַםmiṭṭaʿamta`am: (properly) a taste, i.e. (figuratively) perceptionH2940
  5. הַמֶּ֛לֶךְhammelekmelek: a kingH4428
  6. וּגְדֹלָ֖יוûgĕdōlāywgadowl: great (in any sense); (hence) olderH1419
  7. לֵאמֹ֑רlēʾmōramar: to say (used with great latitude)H559
  8. הָאָדָ֨םhāʾādāmadam: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)H120
  9. וְהַבְּהֵמָ֜הwĕhabbĕhēmâbhemah: (properly) a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)H929
  10. הַבָּקָ֣רhabbāqārbaqar: beef cattle or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing)H1241
  11. וְהַצֹּ֗אןwĕhaṣṣōntso'n: a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats)H6629
  12. אַֽלʾalal: (qualified negation) not (used as a deprecative)H408
  13. יִטְעֲמוּ֙yiṭʿămûta`am: to taste; (figuratively) to perceiveH2938
  14. מְא֔וּמָהmĕʾûmâmuwmah: (properly) a speck or point; (by implication) somethingH3972
  15. אַ֨לʾalal: (qualified negation) not (used as a deprecative)H408
  16. יִרְע֔וּyirʿûra`ah: to tend a flock i.e. pasture it; (intransitively, literally or figuratively) to grazeH7462
  17. וּמַ֖יִםûmayimmayim: water; (figuratively) juiceH4325
  18. אַלʾalal: (qualified negation) not (used as a deprecative)H408
  19. יִשְׁתּֽוּ׃yištûshathah: to imbibe (literally or figuratively)H8354
8
  1. וְיִתְכַּסּ֣וּwĕyitkassûkacah: (properly) to plump, i.e. fill up hollowsH3680
  2. שַׂקִּ֗יםśaqqîmsaq: (properly) a mesh (as allowing a liquid to run through), i.e. coarse loose cloth or sacking (used in mourning and...H8242
  3. הָֽאָדָם֙hāʾādāmadam: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)H120
  4. וְהַבְּהֵמָ֔הwĕhabbĕhēmâbhemah: (properly) a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)H929
  5. וְיִקְרְא֥וּwĕyiqrĕʾûqara': to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)H7121
  6. אֶלʾelel: (properly) denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or amongH413
  7. אֱלֹהִ֖יםʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  8. בְּחָזְקָ֑הbĕḥozqâchozqah: vehemence (usually in a bad sense)H2394
  9. וְיָשֻׁ֗בוּwĕyāšubûshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  10. אִ֚ישׁʾîšiysh: a man as an individual or a male personH376
  11. מִדַּרְכּ֣וֹmiddarkôderek: a road (as trodden); (figuratively) a course of life or mode of action, often adverbH1870
  12. הָֽרָעָ֔הhārāʿâra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  13. וּמִןûminmin: (properly) a part of; (hence, prepositionally) from or out of (in many senses)H4480
  14. הֶחָמָ֖סheḥāmāschamac: violence; (by implication) wrongH2555
  15. אֲשֶׁ֥רʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  16. בְּכַפֵּיהֶֽם׃bĕkappêhemkaph: the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the...H3709
9
  1. מִֽיmiy: who?; (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things) which?H4310
  2. יוֹדֵ֣עַyôdēaʿyada`: to know; (properly) to ascertain by seeingH3045
  3. יָשׁ֔וּבyāšûbshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  4. וְנִחַ֖םwĕniḥamnacham: (properly) to sigh, i.e. breathe stronglyH5162
  5. הָאֱלֹהִ֑יםhāʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  6. וְשָׁ֛בwĕšābshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  7. מֵחֲר֥וֹןmēḥărôncharown: a burning of angerH2740
  8. אַפּ֖וֹʾappôaph: (properly) the nose or nostril; (hence) the face, and occasionally a personH639
  9. וְלֹ֥אwĕlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  10. נֹאבֵֽד׃nōʾbēdabad: (properly) to wander away, i.e. lose oneselfH6
10
  1. וַיַּ֤רְאwayyarra'ah: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and...H7200
  2. הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙hāʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  3. אֶֽתʾeteth: (properly) self; (generally) used to point out the object of a verb (or preposition) more definitelyH853
  4. מַ֣עֲשֵׂיהֶ֔םmaʿăśêhemma`aseh: an action (good or bad); (generally) a transactionH4639
  5. כִּיkiy: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)H3588
  6. שָׁ֖בוּšābûshuwb: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the...H7725
  7. מִדַּרְכָּ֣םmiddarkāmderek: a road (as trodden); (figuratively) a course of life or mode of action, often adverbH1870
  8. הָרָעָ֑הhārāʿâra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  9. וַיִּנָּ֣חֶםwayyinnāḥemnacham: (properly) to sigh, i.e. breathe stronglyH5162
  10. הָאֱלֹהִ֗יםhāʾĕlōhîmelohiym: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the...H430
  11. עַלʿal`al: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of...H5921
  12. הָרָעָ֛הhārāʿâra`: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)H7451
  13. אֲשֶׁרʾăšeraher: who, which, what, that; (as adverb) when, where, howH834
  14. דִּבֶּ֥רdibberdabar: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speakH1696
  15. לַעֲשׂוֹתlaʿăśôt`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213
  16. לָהֶ֖םlāhemhem: they (only used when emphatic)H1992
  17. וְלֹ֥אwĕlōʾlo': (the simple or absolute negation) not; (by implication) noH3808
  18. עָשָֽׂה׃ʿāśâ`asah: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)H6213

View the full Hebrew interlinear for Jonah 3 →

Strong's words in Jonah 3 (6)
Strong's H5210 נִֽינְוֵ֖ה (nînĕwē)
Niynveh (nee-nev-ay') n/l. 1. Nineveh, the capital of Assyria [of foreign origin] KJV: Nineveh.. Appears 7 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H430 לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים (lēʾlōhîm)
elohiym (el-o-heem') n-m. 1. gods in the ordinary sense 2. but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God 3. occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates 4. and sometimes as a superlative [plural of H433] KJV: angels, X exceeding, God (gods)(-dess, -ly), X (very) great, judges, X mighty. Root(s): H433. Appears 6 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H1419 הַגְּדוֹלָ֑ה (haggĕdôlâ)
gadowl (gaw-dole') (or (shortened) gadol {gaw-dole'}) adj. 1. great (in any sense) 2. (hence) older 3. also insolent [from H1431] KJV: + aloud, elder(-est), + exceeding(-ly), + far, (man of) great (man, matter, thing,-er,-ness), high, long, loud, mighty, more, much, noble, proud thing, X sore, (X ) very. Root(s): H1431. Appears 4 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H559 לֵאמֹֽר׃ (lēʾmōr)
amar (aw-mar') v. 1. to say (used with great latitude) [a primitive root] KJV: answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech), utter, X verily, X yet.. Appears 4 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H7121 וִּקְרָ֤א (ûiqrāʾ)
qara' (kaw-raw') v. 1. to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications) [a primitive root (rather identical with H7122 through the idea of accosting a person met)] KJV: bewray (self), that are bidden, call (for, forth, self, upon), cry (unto), (be) famous, guest, invite, mention, (give) name, preach, (make) proclaim(- ation), pronounce, publish, read, renowned, say. Root(s): H7122. Appears 4 times in Jonah 3.
Strong's H7725 וְיָשֻׁ֗בוּ (wĕyāšubû)
shuwb (shoob) v. 1. to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point) 2. (generally) to retreat 3. (often adverbially) again [a primitive root] KJV: ((break, build, circumcise, dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge, make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) X again, (cause to) answer (+ again), X in any case (wise), X at all, averse, bring (again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back), cease, X certainly, come again (back), X consider, + continually, convert, deliver (again), + deny, draw back, fetch home again, X fro, get (oneself) (back) again, X give (again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see) more, X needs, be past, X pay, pervert, pull in again, put (again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh, relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve, (cause to, make to) return, reverse, reward, + say nay, send back, set again, slide back, still, X surely, take back (off), (cause to, make to) turn (again, self again, away, back, back again, backward, from, off), withdraw.. Appears 4 times in Jonah 3.

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What the Early Church wrote about Jonah 3 (4)
  • “Jonah proclaimed destruction to the Ninevites; but they, repenting of their sins, propitiated God by prayer, and obtained salvation, although they were aliens [to the covenant] of God.”

  • “Divine repentance takes in all cases a different form from that of man, in that it is never regarded as the result of improvidence or of fickleness, or of any condemnation of a good or an evil work. For it will have no other meaning than a simple change of a prior purpose; and...”

  • “I see how the Ninevites obtained forgiveness of their sins from the Creator—not to say from Christ [by way of anticipation], even then, because from the beginning he was acting in the Father’s name.”

  • “Was the one who says, “Yet three days and Nineveh shall be destroyed,” speaking as one who speaks truly or not? Or as one who deceives by a deceit that converts? If that kind of conversion did not happen, was what was said no longer a deceit but already truth.”

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