How it is used today: Used to teach that as I renew my thinking, mainly by taking in the Bible, I will be able to discern God's specific will for my life and my decisions.
First spoken: Paul wrote this to the church in Rome right after urging them, "by the mercies of God, that you present your bodies a living sacrifice" (Romans 12:1). Verses 3-21 then spell out that life: humility, love without pretending, blessing those who persecute you, and not repaying evil for evil.
The early Christians: John Chrysostom says the "world" here is the passing show of riches, glory, beauty and luxury, that we renew ourselves every day by repentance, tears, confession and good works, and that God's will is already known: a humble, simple life of self-control and hardship. Cyprian reads verses 1-2 as Christians offering themselves as living sacrifices and holding on to the end, and Clement of Alexandria as living as strangers to those who hope in the earth.
“What then are the things that God wills? To live in poverty, in lowliness of mind, in contempt of glory; in continency, not in self-indulgence; in tribulation, not in ease; in sorrow, not in dissipation and laughter; and in all the other points on which He has given us laws.” John Chrysostom, Homilies on Romans
“For speak of riches, or glory, or beauty of person, or luxury, or whatever other things in it seem great, it is only a fashion, not reality; a show and a mask, not any abiding substance.” John Chrysostom, Homilies on Romans
The difference: Today this verse is often used to find God's personal will for my choices. The early Christians read God's will here as already known, a humble and simple life of self-control that does not run from hardship, and the renewing as daily repentance and good works, set apart from the world's riches and show.
How the early church read itNo early comment
How it is used today: Used as a personal promise that God has a good plan for my life: to prosper me, keep me from harm and give me a bright future.
First spoken: Jeremiah sent this in a letter to the Jewish exiles carried off to Babylon (Jeremiah 29:1). God told them to settle there and pray for the city (29:7), and promised that after seventy years He would bring the nation home (29:10), when they sought Him with all their heart (29:13).
The early Christians: We found no early Christian comment on this verse in our library.
Keep in mind: First a promise to the Jewish exiles in Babylon that God would bring the nation home after seventy years, when they sought Him with all their heart. It shows that God keeps His word, but it is not a promise that every reader has a personal plan for success and safety.