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Strong's Concordance
Greek Word Study

Strong's G4089 πικρός (pikros)

Pikros means “bitter” — full meaning, definition, and every linked Bible usage across the indexed canon.

Same number, other testament: Strong's H4089 — madmannah in the Hebrew Bible.

Strong's Number G4089
Language Greek
Linked Usages 36
Books 19

Strong's G4089 Quick Answer

Strong's G4089 πικρός (pikros) is a Greek Strong's word-study entry. pikros (pik-ros') adj. 1. acrid, bitter 2. (by implication) poisonous (bodily or spiritually) It has 36 linked Bible usages across 19 books. Visible English usage signals include bitter. Indexed coverage on this page includes New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

Meaning
pikros (pik-ros') adj. 1. acrid, bitter 2. (by implication) poisonous (bodily or spiritually)
Usage
36 linked usages
Books
19 indexed books
Corpus
New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Usage Words
bitter

Meaning and Definition

pikros (pik-ros') adj. 1. acrid, bitter 2. (by implication) poisonous (bodily or spiritually) {literally or figuratively} [perhaps from G4078 (through the idea of piercing)] KJV: bitter Root(s): G4078

Original Word
πικρός
Transliteration
pikros
Derivation
Root: πήγνυμι R1: 4078
Morphology
adjective

Across Lexicons

How independent scholarly lexicons define Strong's G4089. Each definition is shown with its source so you can compare and cite the original reference works.

Extended Strong's Greek Lexicon (Abbott-Smith based)

bitter

Usage: πικρός, -ά, -όν (poët. in cl.), [in LXX chiefly for מַר ;] __1. sharp, pointed. __2. sharp to the senses; of taste, bitter: opposite to γλυκύ, Jas.3:11; metaphorically, harsh, bitter: Jas.3:14 (AS)

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How Strong's G4089 Is Translated

The English word each shown verse actually uses to render pikros, taken from the interlinear word alignment (the same word underlined in the excerpts below). Where a rendering is used more than once, the count is shown.

bitter James 3:11

How Strong's G4089 Usage Compares

Indexed coverage includes Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, and New Testament. Each section below keeps corpus counts and sample passages visible so readers can compare the word across contexts instead of reading one flat concordance list.

  • The largest indexed corpus on this page is Septuagint / Greek Old Testament with 19 linked usages.
  • This page lets readers compare New Testament usage with Septuagint / Greek Old Testament usage, which is a key THF advantage over narrower Strong's pages.
  • Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha rows are counted separately so readers can decide how those texts relate to the main word study.

In the Septuagint (LXX)

Strong's G4089 (πικρός) appears 37 times in the Greek Septuagint — the Old Testament the New Testament authors quoted.

Sample Septuagint occurrences:

Read the full Greek Septuagint interlinear with Strong's →

Strong's G4089 by Corpus

Indexed usage grouped by testament and extended corpus so readers can compare this word across the Bible, Septuagint, deuterocanonical books, and 1 Enoch where present.

Strong's G4089 in the New Testament

2 indexed usages in New Testament.

James 3:11 KJV

Doth a fountain send forth at the same place sweet water and bitter?

James 3:14 KJV

But if ye have bitter envying and strife in your hearts, glory not, and lie not against the truth.

Strong's G4089 in the Septuagint / Greek Old Testament

19 indexed usages in Septuagint / Greek Old Testament.

Genesis 27:34 Septuagint / Brenton

And it came to pass when Esau heard the words of his father Isaac, he cried out with a great and very bitter cry, and said, Bless, I pray thee, me also, father.

Exodus 15:23 Septuagint / Brenton

And they came to Marah, and could not drink of Marah, for it was bitter; therefore he named the name of that place, Bitterness.

Judges 18:25 Septuagint / Brenton

And the children of Dan said to him, Let not thy voice be heard with us, lest angry men run upon thee, and take away thy life, and the lives of thy house.

Strong's G4089 in the deuterocanonical books / Apocrypha

15 indexed usages in Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

2 Maccabees 6:7 Septuagint / Brenton

And in the day of the king’s birth every month they were brought by bitter constraint to eat of the sacrifices; and when the feast of Bacchus was kept, the Jews were compelled to go in procession to Bacchus, carrying ivy.

2 Maccabees 9:5 Septuagint / Brenton

But the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, smote him with an incurable and invisible plague: for as soon as he had spoken these words, a pain of the bowels that was remediless came upon him, and sore torments of the inner parts;

3 Maccabees 2:24 Septuagint / Brenton

When in course of time he had come to himself, this severe check caused no repentance within him, but he departed with bitter threatenings.

Usage Excerpts

First 36 linked usage excerpts for Strong's G4089.

Genesis 27:34 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And it came to pass when Esau heard the words of his father Isaac, he cried out with a great and very bitter cry, and said, Bless, I pray thee, me also, father.
Exodus 15:23 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And they came to Marah, and could not drink of Marah, for it was bitter; therefore he named the name of that place, Bitterness.
Judges 18:25 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And the children of Dan said to him, Let not thy voice be heard with us, lest angry men run upon thee, and take away thy life, and the lives of thy house.
1 Kingdoms 15:32 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And Samuel said, Bring me Agag the king of Amalek: and Agag came to him trembling; and Agag said, Is death thus bitter?
2 Kingdoms 2:26 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And Abner called Joab, and said, Shall the sword devour perpetually? knowest thou not that it will be bitter at last? How long then wilt thou refuse to tell the people to turn from following our brethren?
4 Kingdoms 14:26 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
For the Lord saw that the affliction of Israel was very bitter, and that they were few in number, straitened and in want, and destitute, and Israel had no helper.
Psalms 63:4 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Who have sharpened their tongues as a sword; They have bent their bow maliciously;
Proverbs 5:4 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
But afterward thou wilt find her more bitter than gall, And sharper than a two-edged sword.
Proverbs 34:7 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Ecclesiastes 7:26 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And I find her to be, and I will pronounce to be More bitter than death the woman which is a snare, And her heart nets, Who has a band in her hands: He that is good in the sight of God shall be delivered from her; But the sinner shall be caught by her.
Isaiah 5:20 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Woe to them that call evil good, and good evil; who make darkness light, and light darkness; who make bitter sweet, and sweet bitter.
Isaiah 24:9 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
They are ashamed, they have not drunk wine; strong drink has become bitter to them that drink it.
Jeremiah 2:19 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Thine apostasy shall correct thee, and thy wickedness shall reprove thee: know then, and see, that thy forsaking me has been bitter to thee, saith the Lord thy God; and I have taken no pleasure in thee, saith the Lord thy God.
Jeremiah 4:18 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Thy ways and thy devices have brought these things upon thee; this is thy wickedness, for it is bitter, for it has reached to thy heart.
Jeremiah 20:8 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
For I will laugh with my bitter speech, I will call upon rebellion and misery: for the word of the Lord is become a reproach to me and a mockery all my days.
Jeremiah 23:15 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Therefore thus saith the Lord; Behold, I will feed them with pain, and give them bitter water to drink: for from the prophets of Jerusalem has defilement gone forth into all the land.
Ezekiel 27:30 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And they shall wail over thee with their voice, and cry bitterly, and put earth on their heads, and spread ashes under them.
Habakkuk 1:6 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Wherefore, behold, I stir up the Chaldeans, the bitter and hasty nation, that walks upon the breadth of the earth, to inherit tabernacles not his own.
Zephaniah 1:14 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
For the great day of the Lord is near, it is near, and very speedy; the sound of the day of the Lord is made bitter and harsh.
James 3:11 New Testament, KJV
Doth a fountain send forth at the same place sweet water and bitter?
James 3:14 New Testament, KJV
But if ye have bitter envying and strife in your hearts, glory not, and lie not against the truth.
2 Maccabees 6:7 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
And in the day of the king’s birth every month they were brought by bitter constraint to eat of the sacrifices; and when the feast of Bacchus was kept, the Jews were compelled to go in procession to Bacchus, carrying ivy.
2 Maccabees 9:5 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
But the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, smote him with an incurable and invisible plague: for as soon as he had spoken these words, a pain of the bowels that was remediless came upon him, and sore torments of the inner parts;
3 Maccabees 2:24 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
When in course of time he had come to himself, this severe check caused no repentance within him, but he departed with bitter threatenings.
3 Maccabees 4:15 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
The registering of these men was carried on cruelly, zealously, assiduously, from the rising of the sun to its going down, and was not brought to an end in forty days.
3 Maccabees 5:18 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Conversation grew on, and the king sent for Hermon, and inquired of him, with fierce denunciations, why the Jews had been allowed to outlive that day.
3 Maccabees 6:31 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Then they who were before despised and nigh unto Hades, yea, rather advanced into it, partook of the cup of salvation, instead of a grievous and lamentable death. Full of exultation, they parted out the place intended for their fall and burial into banqueting booths.
4 Maccabees 6:8 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Then one of the harsh spearbearers leaped upon his belly as he was falling, to force him upright.
4 Maccabees 6:16 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
And Eleazar, as though the advice more painfully tortured him, cried out,
4 Maccabees 8:2 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
The tyrant having given this charge, seven brethren were brought into his presence, along with their aged mother, handsome, and modest, and wellborn, and altogether comely.
4 Maccabees 15:16 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
O thou mother, who wast tried at this time with bitterer pangs than those of parturition!
4 Maccabees 18:20 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
O that bitter, and yet not bitter, day when the bitter tyrant of the Greeks, quenching fire with fire in his cruel caldrons, brought with boiling rage the seven sons of the daughter of Abraham to the catapult, and to all his torments!
Wisdom of Sirach 25:18 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Her husband shall sit among his neighbors; And when he heareth it shall sigh bitterly.
Wisdom of Sirach 29:25 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Thou shalt entertain, and feast, and have no thanks: Moreover thou shalt hear bitter words:
Wisdom of Sirach 41:1 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
O death, how bitter is the remembrance of thee to a man that liveth at rest in his possessions, Unto the man that hath nothing to vex him, and that hath prosperity in all things: Yea, unto him that is yet able to receive meat!

All Indexed Usage Links

Every indexed verse link for Strong's G4089, grouped by book.

Genesis 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Exodus 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Judges 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
1 Kingdoms 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
2 Kingdoms 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
4 Kingdoms 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Psalms 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Proverbs 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Ecclesiastes 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Isaiah 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Jeremiah 4 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Ezekiel 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Habakkuk 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Zephaniah 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
James 2 usages, New Testament
2 Maccabees 2 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
3 Maccabees 4 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
4 Maccabees 5 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Wisdom of Sirach 4 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha

Strong's G4089 FAQ

What does pikros (πικρός) mean?

Pikros (Strong's G4089) is a Greek word most simply glossed "bitter". pikros (pik-ros') adj. 1. acrid, bitter 2. (by implication) poisonous (bodily or spiritually)

How many times is pikros (πικρός) used in the Bible?

This page currently indexes 36 linked usages for Strong's G4089 across 19 books.

Where can I study pikros (πικρός) in context?

Use the linked verse references on this page to study Strong's G4089 in context. The indexed coverage includes New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

What English words translate pikros (πικρός)?

The visible usage excerpts most often surface English words such as bitter. These are scanning signals from the displayed verses, not replacements for the original-language definition.

Does Strong's G4089 appear in the Septuagint or deuterocanonical books?

Yes. The current local index includes 19 in Septuagint / Greek Old Testament and 15 in Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha for Strong's G4089, with linked reader references where each row is available.