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Strong's Concordance
Greek Word Study

Strong's G4088 πικρία (pikria)

Pikria means “bitterness” — full meaning, definition, and every linked Bible usage across the indexed canon.

Same number, other testament: Strong's H4088 — madmenah in the Hebrew Bible.

Strong's Number G4088
Language Greek
Linked Usages 29
Books 16

Strong's G4088 Quick Answer

Strong's G4088 πικρία (pikria) is a Greek Strong's word-study entry. pikria (pik-ree'-ah) n. 1. acridity, extremely bitter 2. (especially) poison It has 29 linked Bible usages across 16 books. Visible English usage signals include bitterness. Indexed coverage on this page includes New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

Meaning
pikria (pik-ree'-ah) n. 1. acridity, extremely bitter 2. (especially) poison
Usage
29 linked usages
Books
16 indexed books
Corpus
New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Usage Words
bitterness

Meaning and Definition

pikria (pik-ree'-ah) n. 1. acridity, extremely bitter 2. (especially) poison {literally or figuratively} [from G4089] KJV: bitterness Root(s): G4089

Original Word
πικρία
Transliteration
pikria
Derivation
Root: πικρός R1: 4089
Morphology
noun

Across Lexicons

How independent scholarly lexicons define Strong's G4088. Each definition is shown with its source so you can compare and cite the original reference works.

Extended Strong's Greek Lexicon (Abbott-Smith based)

bitterness

Usage: πικρία, -ας, ἡ (πικρός), [in LXX chiefly for מַר and cognate forms ;] bitterness; __(a) of taste (Arist., Jer.15:17, al.); __(b) metaphorically, of temper, character, etc.: Rom.3:14 (LXX), Eph.4:31; ῥίζα πικρίας, Heb.12:15; χολὴ π., a malignant disposition, Act.8:23.† (AS)

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How Strong's G4088 Is Translated

The English word each shown verse actually uses to render pikria, taken from the interlinear word alignment (the same word underlined in the excerpts below). Where a rendering is used more than once, the count is shown.

bitterness Acts 8:23

How Strong's G4088 Usage Compares

Indexed coverage includes Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, and New Testament. Each section below keeps corpus counts and sample passages visible so readers can compare the word across contexts instead of reading one flat concordance list.

  • The largest indexed corpus on this page is Septuagint / Greek Old Testament with 19 linked usages.
  • This page lets readers compare New Testament usage with Septuagint / Greek Old Testament usage, which is a key THF advantage over narrower Strong's pages.
  • Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha rows are counted separately so readers can decide how those texts relate to the main word study.

In the Septuagint (LXX)

Strong's G4088 (πικρία) appears 26 times in the Greek Septuagint — the Old Testament the New Testament authors quoted.

Sample Septuagint occurrences:

Read the full Greek Septuagint interlinear with Strong's →

Strong's G4088 by Corpus

Indexed usage grouped by testament and extended corpus so readers can compare this word across the Bible, Septuagint, deuterocanonical books, and 1 Enoch where present.

Strong's G4088 in the New Testament

4 indexed usages in New Testament.

Acts 8:23 KJV

For I perceive that thou art in the gall of bitterness, and in the bond of iniquity.

Romans 3:14 KJV

Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness:

Ephesians 4:31 KJV

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:

Strong's G4088 in the Septuagint / Greek Old Testament

19 indexed usages in Septuagint / Greek Old Testament.

Exodus 15:23 Septuagint / Brenton

And they came to Marah, and could not drink of Marah, for it was bitter; therefore he named the name of that place, Bitterness.

Deuteronomy 29:17 Septuagint / Brenton

And ye beheld their abominations, and their idols, wood and stone, silver and gold, which are among them.

Deuteronomy 32:32 Septuagint / Brenton

For their vine is of the vine of Sodom, And their vine-branch of Gomorrah: Their grape is a grape of gall, Their cluster is one of bitterness.

Strong's G4088 in the deuterocanonical books / Apocrypha

6 indexed usages in Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

3 Maccabees 4:4 Septuagint / Brenton

They were sent out unanimously by the generals in the several cities, with such stern and pitiless feeling, that the exceptional nature of the infliction moved even some of their enemies. These, influenced by sentiments of common humanity, and reflecting upon the uncertain issue of life, shed tears at this their miserable expulsion.

Wisdom of Solomon 8:16 Septuagint / Brenton

After I am come into my house, I will repose myself with her: For her conversation hath no bitterness: And to live with her hath no sorrow, But mirth and joy.

Wisdom of Sirach 4:6 Septuagint / Brenton

For if he curse thee in the bitterness of his soul, His prayer shall be heard of him that made him.

Usage Excerpts

First 29 linked usage excerpts for Strong's G4088.

Exodus 15:23 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And they came to Marah, and could not drink of Marah, for it was bitter; therefore he named the name of that place, Bitterness.
Deuteronomy 29:17 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And ye beheld their abominations, and their idols, wood and stone, silver and gold, which are among them.
Deuteronomy 32:32 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
For their vine is of the vine of Sodom, And their vine-branch of Gomorrah: Their grape is a grape of gall, Their cluster is one of bitterness.
Job 3:20 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
For why is light given to those who are in bitterness, And life to the souls which are in griefs?
Job 7:11 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Then neither will I refrain my mouth: I will speak being in distress; Being in anguish I will disclose the bitterness of my soul.
Job 9:18 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
For he suffers me not to take breath, But he has filled me with bitterness.
Job 10:1 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Weary in my soul, I will pour my words with groans upon him: I will speak being straitened in the bitterness of my soul.
Job 21:25 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And another dies in bitterness of soul, Not eating any good thing.
Psalms 9:28 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Whose mouth is full of cursing, and bitterness, and fraud: Under his tongue are trouble and pain.
Psalms 13:3 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
They are all gone out of the way, they are together become good for nothing, There is none that does good, no not one. Their throat is an open sepulcher; With their tongues they have used deceit; The poison of asps is under their lips: Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness; Their feet are swift to shed blood: Destruction and misery are in their ways; And the way of peace they have not known: There is no fear of God before their eyes.
Isaiah 28:21 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
The Lord shall rise up as a mountain of ungodly men, and shall be in the Valley of Gibeon; he shall perform his works with wrath, even a work of bitterness, and his wrath shall deal strangely, and his destruction shall be strange.
Isaiah 28:28 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
for I will not be wroth with you forever, neither shall the voice of my anger crush you.
Isaiah 37:29 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And thy wrath wherewith thou hast been enraged, and thy rancor has come up to me; therefore I will put a hook in thy nose, and a bit in thy lips, and will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.
Jeremiah 2:21 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Yet I planted thee a fruitful vine, entirely of the right sort: how art thou a strange vine turned to bitterness!
Jeremiah 15:17 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
I have not sat in the assembly of them as they mocked, but I feared because of thy power: I sat alone, for I was filled with bitterness.
Lamentations 3:15 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
He has filled me with bitterness, He has drenched me with gall.
Lamentations 3:19 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
I remembered by reason of my poverty, And because of persecution my bitterness and gall shall be remembered;
Ezekiel 28:24 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And there shall no more be in the house of Israel a thorn of bitterness and a pricking briar proceeding from them that are round about them, who dishonored them; and they shall know that I am the Lord.
Amos 6:12 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Will horses run upon rocks? will they refrain from neighing at mares? for ye have turned judgment into poison, and the fruit of righteousness into bitterness:
Acts 8:23 New Testament, KJV
For I perceive that thou art in the gall of bitterness, and in the bond of iniquity.
Romans 3:14 New Testament, KJV
Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness:
Ephesians 4:31 New Testament, KJV
Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:
Hebrews 12:15 New Testament, KJV
Looking diligently lest any man fail of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you, and thereby many be defiled;
3 Maccabees 4:4 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
They were sent out unanimously by the generals in the several cities, with such stern and pitiless feeling, that the exceptional nature of the infliction moved even some of their enemies. These, influenced by sentiments of common humanity, and reflecting upon the uncertain issue of life, shed tears at this their miserable expulsion.
Wisdom of Solomon 8:16 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
After I am come into my house, I will repose myself with her: For her conversation hath no bitterness: And to live with her hath no sorrow, But mirth and joy.
Wisdom of Sirach 4:6 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
For if he curse thee in the bitterness of his soul, His prayer shall be heard of him that made him.
Wisdom of Sirach 7:11 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Laugh no man to scorn in the bitterness of his soul: For there is one which humbleth and exalteth.
Wisdom of Sirach 21:12 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
He that is not wise will not be taught: But there is a wisdom which multiplieth bitterness.

All Indexed Usage Links

Every indexed verse link for Strong's G4088, grouped by book.

Exodus 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Deuteronomy 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Job 5 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Psalms 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Isaiah 3 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Jeremiah 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Lamentations 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Ezekiel 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Amos 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Acts 1 usage, New Testament
Romans 1 usage, New Testament
Ephesians 1 usage, New Testament
Hebrews 1 usage, New Testament
3 Maccabees 1 usage, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon 1 usage, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Wisdom of Sirach 4 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha

Strong's G4088 FAQ

What does pikria (πικρία) mean?

Pikria (Strong's G4088) is a Greek word most simply glossed "bitterness". pikria (pik-ree'-ah) n. 1. acridity, extremely bitter 2. (especially) poison

How many times is pikria (πικρία) used in the Bible?

This page currently indexes 29 linked usages for Strong's G4088 across 16 books.

Where can I study pikria (πικρία) in context?

Use the linked verse references on this page to study Strong's G4088 in context. The indexed coverage includes New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

What English words translate pikria (πικρία)?

The visible usage excerpts most often surface English words such as bitterness. These are scanning signals from the displayed verses, not replacements for the original-language definition.

Does Strong's G4088 appear in the Septuagint or deuterocanonical books?

Yes. The current local index includes 19 in Septuagint / Greek Old Testament and 6 in Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha for Strong's G4088, with linked reader references where each row is available.