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Strong's Concordance
Greek Word Study

Strong's G3997 πένθος (penthos)

Penthos means “mourning” — full meaning, definition, and every linked Bible usage across the indexed canon.

Same number, other testament: Strong's H3997 — meboah (“entry”) in the Hebrew Bible.

Strong's Number G3997
Language Greek
Linked Usages 53
Books 22

Strong's G3997 Quick Answer

Strong's G3997 πένθος (penthos) is a Greek Strong's word-study entry. penthos (pen'-thos) n. 1. grief [strengthened from the alternate of G3958] It has 53 linked Bible usages across 22 books. Visible English usage signals include mourning and sorrow. Indexed coverage on this page includes New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

Meaning
penthos (pen'-thos) n. 1. grief [strengthened from the alternate of G3958]
Usage
53 linked usages
Books
22 indexed books
Corpus
New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Usage Words
mourning and sorrow

Meaning and Definition

penthos (pen'-thos) n. 1. grief [strengthened from the alternate of G3958] KJV: mourning, sorrow Root(s): G3958

Original Word
πένθος
Transliteration
penthos
Derivation
Root: πάσχω R1: 3958
Morphology
noun

Across Lexicons

How independent scholarly lexicons define Strong's G3997. Each definition is shown with its source so you can compare and cite the original reference works.

How Strong's G3997 Is Translated

The English word each shown verse actually uses to render penthos, taken from the interlinear word alignment (the same word underlined in the excerpts below). Where a rendering is used more than once, the count is shown.

mourning James 4:9 sorrow Revelation 18:7

How Strong's G3997 Usage Compares

Indexed coverage includes Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, and New Testament. Each section below keeps corpus counts and sample passages visible so readers can compare the word across contexts instead of reading one flat concordance list.

  • The largest indexed corpus on this page is Septuagint / Greek Old Testament with 28 linked usages.
  • This page lets readers compare New Testament usage with Septuagint / Greek Old Testament usage, which is a key THF advantage over narrower Strong's pages.
  • Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha rows are counted separately so readers can decide how those texts relate to the main word study.

In the Septuagint (LXX)

Strong's G3997 (πένθος) appears 52 times in the Greek Septuagint — the Old Testament the New Testament authors quoted.

Sample Septuagint occurrences:

Read the full Greek Septuagint interlinear with Strong's →

Strong's G3997 by Corpus

Indexed usage grouped by testament and extended corpus so readers can compare this word across the Bible, Septuagint, deuterocanonical books, and 1 Enoch where present.

Strong's G3997 in the New Testament

4 indexed usages in New Testament.

James 4:9 KJV

Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to heaviness.

Revelation 18:7 KJV

How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow.

Revelation 18:8 KJV

Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her.

Strong's G3997 in the Septuagint / Greek Old Testament

28 indexed usages in Septuagint / Greek Old Testament.

Genesis 27:41 Septuagint / Brenton

And Esau was angry with Jacob because of the blessing, with which his father blessed him; and Esau said in his mind, Let the days of my father’s mourning draw nigh, that I may slay my brother Jacob.

Genesis 35:8 Septuagint / Brenton

And Deborah, Rebekah’s nurse, died, and was buried below Bethel under the oak; and Jacob called its name, The Oak of Mourning.

Genesis 50:4 Septuagint / Brenton

And when the days of mourning were past, Joseph spoke to the princes of Pharaoh, saying, If I have found favor in your sight, speak concerning me in the ears of Pharaoh, saying,

Strong's G3997 in the deuterocanonical books / Apocrypha

21 indexed usages in Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

Tobit 2:5 Septuagint / Brenton

Then I returned, and washed myself, and ate my meat in heaviness,

Tobit 2:6 Septuagint / Brenton

remembering that prophecy of Amos, as he said, Your feasts shall be turned into mourning, And all your mirth into lamentation.

1 Maccabees 1:25 Septuagint / Brenton

Therefore there was great mourning in Israel, in every place where they were;

Usage Excerpts

First 53 linked usage excerpts for Strong's G3997.

Genesis 27:41 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And Esau was angry with Jacob because of the blessing, with which his father blessed him; and Esau said in his mind, Let the days of my father’s mourning draw nigh, that I may slay my brother Jacob.
Genesis 35:8 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And Deborah, Rebekah’s nurse, died, and was buried below Bethel under the oak; and Jacob called its name, The Oak of Mourning.
Genesis 50:4 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And when the days of mourning were past, Joseph spoke to the princes of Pharaoh, saying, If I have found favor in your sight, speak concerning me in the ears of Pharaoh, saying,
Genesis 50:10 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And they came to the threshing floor of Atad, which is beyond Jordan; and they bewailed him with a great and very sore lamentation; and he made a mourning for his father seven days.
Genesis 50:11 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And the inhabitants of the land of Canaan saw the mourning at the floor of Atad, and said, This is a great mourning to the Egyptians; therefore he called its name, The mourning of Egypt, which is beyond Jordan.
Deuteronomy 34:8 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And the children of Israel wept for Moses in Araboth of Moab at Jordan near Jericho thirty days; and the days of the sad mourning for Moses were completed.
2 Kingdoms 11:27 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And the time of mourning expired, and David sent and took her into his house, and she became his wife, and bore him a son: but the thing which David did was evil in the eyes of the Lord.
2 Kingdoms 19:3 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And the victory was turned that day into mourning to all the people, for the people heard say that day, The king grieves after his son.
Ezra 10:6 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Then Ezra rose up from before the house of God, and went into the chamber of Johanan the son of Eliashib: and when he came thither, he did eat no bread, nor drink water: for he mourned because of the transgression of them that had been carried away.
Esther 4:3 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
And in every province where the letters were published, there was crying and lamentation and great mourning on the part of the Jews: they spread for themselves sackcloth and ashes.
Esther 9:22 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
for on these days the Jews obtained rest from their enemies: and as to the month, which was Adar, in which a change was made for them, from mourning to joy, and from sorrow to a good day, to spend the whole of it in good days of feasting and gladness, sending portions to their friends, and to the poor.
Proverbs 10:6 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
But untimely grief shall cover the mouth of the ungodly.
Proverbs 14:13 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Grief mingles not with mirth; And joy in the end comes to grief.
Ecclesiastes 5:16 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Yea, all his days are in darkness, and in mourning, And much sorrow, and infirmity, and wrath.
Ecclesiastes 7:2 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
It is better to go to the house of mourning, Than to go to the banquet house: Since this is the end of every man; And the living man will apply good warning to his heart.
Ecclesiastes 7:4 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; But the heart of fools is in the house of mirth.
Isaiah 16:3 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
take farther counsel, and continually make thou a shelter from grief: they flee in darkness at midday; they are amazed; be not thou led captive.
Isaiah 17:14 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Toward evening, and there shall be grief; before the morning, and he shall not be. This is the portion of them that spoiled you, and the inheritance to them that robbed you of your inheritance.
Isaiah 60:20 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
For the sun shall no more set, nor shall the moon be eclipsed; for the Lord shall be thine everlasting light, and the days of thy mourning shall be completed.
Jeremiah 6:26 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
O daughter of my people, gird thyself with sackcloth: sprinkle thyself with ashes; make for thyself pitiable lamentation, as the mourning for a beloved son: for misery will come suddenly upon you.
Jeremiah 16:7 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
and there shall be no bread broken in mourning for them for consolation over the dead: they shall not give one to drink a cup for consolation over his father or his mother.
Jeremiah 38:13 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Then shall the virgins rejoice in the assembly of youth, and the old men shall rejoice; and I will turn their mourning into joy, and will make them merry.
Lamentations 5:15 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
The joy of our heart has ceased; Our dance is turned into mourning.
Ezekiel 24:17 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Thou shalt groan for blood, and have mourning upon thy loins; thy hair shall not be braided upon thee, and thy sandals shall be on thy feet; thou shalt in nowise be comforted by their lips, and thou shalt not eat the bread of men.
Hosea 9:4 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
They have not offered wine to the Lord, neither have their sacrifices been sweet to him, but as the bread of mourning to them; all that eat them shall be defiled; for their bread for their soul shall not enter into the house of the Lord.
Amos 5:16 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Therefore thus saith the Lord God Almighty; In all the streets shall be lamentations; and in all the ways shall it be said, Woe, woe! the husbandman shall be called to mourning and lamentation, and to them that are skilled in complaining.
Amos 8:10 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
and I will turn your feasts into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation; and I will bring up sackcloth on all loins, and baldness on every head; and I will make them as the mourning of a beloved friend, and those with them as a day of grief.
Micah 1:8 Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, Septuagint / Brenton
Therefore shall she lament and wail, she shall go barefooted, and being naked she shall make lamentation as that of serpents, and mourning as of the daughters of sirens.
James 4:9 New Testament, KJV
Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to heaviness.
Revelation 18:7 New Testament, KJV
How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow.
Revelation 18:8 New Testament, KJV
Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her.
Revelation 21:4 New Testament, KJV
And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away.
Tobit 2:5 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Then I returned, and washed myself, and ate my meat in heaviness,
Tobit 2:6 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
remembering that prophecy of Amos, as he said, Your feasts shall be turned into mourning, And all your mirth into lamentation.
1 Maccabees 1:25 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Therefore there was great mourning in Israel, in every place where they were;
1 Maccabees 1:39 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Her sanctuary was laid waste like a wilderness, her feasts were turned into mourning, her Sabbaths into reproach, her honor into contempt.
1 Maccabees 1:40 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
As had been her glory, so was her dishonor increased, and her excellency was turned into mourning.
1 Maccabees 3:51 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
For thy sanctuary is trodden down and profaned, and thy priests are in heaviness, and brought low.
1 Maccabees 9:41 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Thus was the marriage turned into mourning, and the noise of their melody into lamentation.
1 Maccabees 12:52 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Whereupon they all came into the land of Judea peaceably, and there they bewailed Jonathan, and them that were with him, and they were sore afraid; wherefore all Israel made great lamentation.
3 Maccabees 4:2 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
The Jews suffered great throes of sorrow, and wept much; while their hearts, all things around being lamentable, were set on fire as they bewailed the sudden destruction which was decreed against them.
Wisdom of Solomon 14:15 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
For a father afflicted with untimely mourning, When he hath made an image of his child soon taken away, Now honored him as a god, which was then a dead man, And delivered to those that were under him ceremonies and sacrifices.
Wisdom of Solomon 19:3 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
For while they were yet mourning And making lamentation at the graves of the dead, They added another foolish device, And pursued them as fugitives, whom they had entreated to be gone.
Wisdom of Sirach 22:6 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
A tale out of season is as music in mourning: But stripes and correction of wisdom are never out of time.
Wisdom of Sirach 22:12 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Seven days do men mourn for him that is dead; But for a fool and an ungodly man all the days of his life.
Wisdom of Sirach 26:6 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
But a grief of heart and sorrow is a woman that is jealous over another woman, And a scourge of the tongue which communicateth with all.
Wisdom of Sirach 38:17 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Weep bitterly, and make great moan, And use lamentation, as he is worthy, And that a day or two, lest thou be evil spoken of: And then comfort thyself for thy heaviness;
Wisdom of Sirach 41:11 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
The mourning of men is about their bodies: But an ill name of sinners shall be blotted out.
Baruch 4:9 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
For when she saw the wrath of God coming upon you, she said, Hearken, O ye that dwell about Zion: God hath brought upon me great mourning;
Baruch 4:11 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
With joy did I nourish them; but sent them away with weeping and mourning.
Baruch 4:23 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
For I sent you out with mourning and weeping: but God will give you to me again with joy and gladness forever.
Baruch 4:34 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
For I will take away the rejoicing of her great multitude, and her pride shall be turned into mourning.
Baruch 5:1 Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha, Septuagint / Brenton
Put off, O Jerusalem, the garment of thy mourning and affliction, and put on the comeliness of the glory that cometh from God forever.

All Indexed Usage Links

Every indexed verse link for Strong's G3997, grouped by book.

Genesis 5 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Deuteronomy 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
2 Kingdoms 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Ezra 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Esther 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Proverbs 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Ecclesiastes 3 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Isaiah 3 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Jeremiah 3 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Lamentations 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Ezekiel 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Hosea 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Amos 2 usages, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
Micah 1 usage, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament
James 1 usage, New Testament
Revelation 3 usages, New Testament
Tobit 2 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
1 Maccabees 6 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
3 Maccabees 1 usage, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon 2 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Wisdom of Sirach 5 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha
Baruch 5 usages, Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha

Strong's G3997 FAQ

What does penthos (πένθος) mean?

Penthos (Strong's G3997) is a Greek word most simply glossed "mourning". penthos (pen'-thos) n. 1. grief [strengthened from the alternate of G3958]

How many times is penthos (πένθος) used in the Bible?

This page currently indexes 53 linked usages for Strong's G3997 across 22 books.

Where can I study penthos (πένθος) in context?

Use the linked verse references on this page to study Strong's G3997 in context. The indexed coverage includes New Testament, Septuagint / Greek Old Testament, and Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha.

What English words translate penthos (πένθος)?

The visible usage excerpts most often surface English words such as mourning and sorrow. These are scanning signals from the displayed verses, not replacements for the original-language definition.

Does Strong's G3997 appear in the Septuagint or deuterocanonical books?

Yes. The current local index includes 28 in Septuagint / Greek Old Testament and 21 in Deuterocanonical / Apocrypha for Strong's G3997, with linked reader references where each row is available.