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Open 1 Corinthians 10:16
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Early Christian TopicEarly Christian Beliefs About The Mass And The Eucharist
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How to Study The Mass And The Eucharist
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Foundation Texts
The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ?
Presents one cup and one bread as communion in Christ.
And he took bread, and gave thanks, and brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is given for you: this do in remembrance of me.
Institution text for remembrance of me.
Wherefore whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord.
Direct warning that the meal is holy and tied to the Lord’s body and blood.
After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, this cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me.
Institution text for remembrance and the cup.
Supporting Passages
And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me.
Matches the remembrance command at the Last Supper.
And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body.
Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.
When he therefore was come up again, and had broken bread, and eaten, and talked a long while, even till break of day, so he departed.
Breaking bread before departure.
And it came to pass, as he sat at meat with them, he took bread, and blessed it, and brake, and gave to them.
Bread blessed and broken in resurrection context.
And as they did eat, Jesus took bread, and blessed, and brake it, and gave to them, and said, Take, eat: this is my body.
Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.
And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.
Gathering on the first day to break bread.
And thou shalt offer thy burnt offerings, the flesh and the blood, upon the altar of the LORD thy God: and the blood of thy sacrifices shall be poured out upon the altar of the LORD thy God, and thou shalt eat the flesh.
Old Testament altar and sacrifice text used as background for sacrificial language.
For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord's death till he come.
Shows the proclamation function of the meal.
An altar of earth thou shalt make unto me, and shalt sacrifice thereon thy burnt offerings, and thy peace offerings, thy sheep, and thine oxen: in all places where I record my name I will come unto thee, and I will bless thee.
Old Testament altar text often used typologically.
Then shalt thou be pleased with the sacrifices of righteousness, with burnt offering and whole burnt offering: then shall they offer bullocks upon thine altar.
General sacrifice language from Psalms.
As for the oblation of the firstfruits, ye shall offer them unto the LORD: but they shall not be burnt on the altar for a sweet savour.
Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.
For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, that the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread:
Provides the apostolic transmission formula before the institution saying.
And he shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering, and kill it at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron's sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood upon the altar round about.
Levitical blood-and-altar pattern used as background.
He slew also the bullock and the ram for a sacrifice of peace offerings, which was for the people: and Aaron's sons presented unto him the blood, which he sprinkled upon the altar round about,
Levitical sacrifice background.
And he shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering, and kill it before the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron's sons shall sprinkle the blood thereof round about upon the altar.
Levitical sacrifice background.
And if his oblation be a sacrifice of peace offering, if he offer it of the herd; whether it be a male or female, he shall offer it without blemish before the LORD.
Peace offering background.
If his offering be a burnt sacrifice of the herd, let him offer a male without blemish: he shall offer it of his own voluntary will at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD.
Burnt sacrifice background.
In the place where they kill the burnt offering shall they kill the trespass offering: and the blood thereof shall he sprinkle round about upon the altar.
Blood at the altar background.
I will offer unto thee burnt sacrifices of fatlings, with the incense of rams; I will offer bullocks with goats. Selah.
General sacrifice language.
And he burnt his burnt offering and his meat offering, and poured his drink offering, and sprinkled the blood of his peace offerings, upon the altar.
Drink offering and blood sprinkling background.
And the priest shall bring it unto the altar, and wring off his head, and burn it on the altar; and the blood thereof shall be wrung out at the side of the altar:
Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.
Remember all thy offerings, and accept thy burnt sacrifice; Selah.
Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.
When ye come together therefore into one place, this is not to eat the Lord's supper.
Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.
And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers.
Shows the apostolic practice of breaking bread together.
And he took the cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them: and they all drank of it.
Cup given after thanksgiving.