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The Historic Faith
Scripture Topic Guide

Bible Verses About Roman Law

Early Christians did not treat Roman law as the highest authority, but many of them said civil rulers and public order should be respected when those laws did not clash with God’s commands. Justin Martyr, Theophilus of Antioch, Polycarp, Clement of Alexandria, Tertullian, and Origen all connect Christian conduct with obedience, honor, tribute, or peaceful conduct toward rulers.

At the same time, writers like Tertullian, Origen, and Lactantius also criticize Roman justice, pagan worship, and unfair punishment, so their view is not simple praise. The evidence is broad on respect for lawful rule, but thinner on a single unified early Christian theory of Roman law itself. Some cards are only about the word β€œlaw” in Scripture or about Roman history, so they are treated as background rather than direct teaching.

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Key Passages

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How to Study Roman Law

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Scripture Map

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28 references

Foundation Texts

Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation.

States resistance to authority resists God's appointment.

Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God.

Core Romans 13 command.

For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law unto themselves:

Natural law in Gentiles passage

For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them.

Righteousness of law passage

(For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law.

Sin before law passage

But now we are delivered from the law, that being dead wherein we were held; that we should serve in newness of spirit, and not in the oldness of the letter.

Delivered from law passage

Know ye not, brethren, (for I speak to them that know the law,) how that the law hath dominion over a man as long as he liveth?

Law has dominion while one lives passage

What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet.

Law reveals sin; direct Bible passage

Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin.

Knowledge of sin through law passage

For as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in the law shall be judged by the law;

Judged by law passage

To whom I answered, It is not the manner of the Romans to deliver any man to die, before that he which is accused have the accusers face to face, and have licence to answer for himself concerning the crime laid against him.

Direct Roman legal procedure passage

Supporting Passages

Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord's sake: whether it be to the king, as supreme;

Direct New Testament parallel for submission to civil authority.

Put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers, to obey magistrates, to be ready to every good work,

Another direct authority/subjection passage.

For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same:

Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.

Wherefore ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience sake.

Adds conscience as a reason for submission.

For kings, and for all that are in authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty.

Praying for rulers to enable a quiet life.

Or unto governors, as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well.

Rulers are sent for punishment of evildoers.

And teach customs, which are not lawful for us to receive, neither to observe, being Romans.

Roman citizenship legal status, useful context

For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth.

Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.

Love worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.

Love as law-filling principle.

Do we then make void the law through faith? God forbid: yea, we establish the law.

Faith upholds law rather than overthrowing it.

Wherefore the law is holy, and the commandment holy, and just, and good.

Affirms the law is holy and just.

And the serjeants told these words unto the magistrates: and they feared, when they heard that they were Romans.

Legal process and Roman status context

Which shew the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also bearing witness, and their thoughts the mean while accusing or else excusing one another;)

Conscience and inward law language supports a higher moral rule.

Who also hath gone about to profane the temple: whom we took, and would have judged according to our law.

Jewish legal accusation before Roman authorities

For the woman which hath an husband is bound by the law to her husband so long as he liveth; but if the husband be dead, she is loosed from the law of her husband.

Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.

Owe no man any thing, but to love one another: for he that loveth another hath fulfilled the law.

Scripture passage attached to the early Christian evidence page.

Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honour to whom honour.

Taxes, revenue, honor, and respect fit the same theme.