Hortatory Address to the Greeks

by Justin Martyr

Chapters

1. Chapter 1: Reasons for Speaking to the Greeks.

2. Chapter II—The poets are unfit to be religious teachers.

3. Chapter 3: Opinions of Thales' School.

4. Chapter 4: Views of Pythagoras and Epicurus.

5. Chapter 5: The Views of Plato and Aristotle.

6. Chapter 6: More Disagreements Between Plato and Aristotle.

7. Chapter 7: Inconsistencies in Plato's Theory.

8. Chapter 8: The Age, Inspiration, and Harmony of Christian Educators.

9. Chapter 9: The Age of Moses Proven by Greek Authors

10. Chapter 10 - The Training and Inspiration of Moses.

11. Chapter 11: Pagan Oracles Speak of Moses.

12. Chapter 12: Proving the Ancient Existence of Moses

13. Chapter 13: History of the Septuagint.

14. Chapter 14: A Cautionary Appeal to the Greeks.

15. Chapter 15: Orpheus' Evidence of Monotheism.

16. Chapter 16: Testimony of the Prophetess.

17. Chapter 17: Homer's Testimony

18. Chapter 18: The Testimony of Sophocles.

19. Chapter 19: The Testimony of Pythagoras.

20. Chapter 20: Plato's Testimony

21. Chapter 21: The Unnamed God

22. Chapter 22: Analyzing Plato's Deliberate Ambiguity.

23. Chapter 23: Plato's Self-Contradiction

24. Chapter 24: The Agreement between Plato and Homer.

25. Chapter 25: Plato's Understanding of God's Eternity.

26. Chapter 26: Plato's Debt to the Prophets

27. Chapter 27: Plato's Understanding of Judgment

28. Chapter 28: Homer's Debts to the Sacred Authors.

29. Chapter 29: The Origin of Plato's Theory of Forms

30. Chapter 30: Homer's Understanding of Human Origin.

31. Chapter 31: Further Evidence of Plato's Knowledge of Scripture

32. Chapter 32: Plato's Theory of the Divine Gift.

33. Chapter 33: Plato's Concept of the Start of Time, Influenced by Moses.

34. Chapter 34: Why People Attribute Human Form to God

35. Chapter 35: Appeal to the Greeks.

36. Chapter 36: True Knowledge is Not Possessed by Philosophers.

37. Chapter 37: About the Prophetess.

38. Chapter 38: Final Appeal.

🎧 Hortatory Address to the Greeks

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Chapter 33: Plato's Concept of the Start of Time, Influenced by Moses.

And from what source did Plato obtain the information that time was created along with the heavens? For he wrote: "Time, accordingly, was created along with the heavens; so that, coming into being together, they might also be dissolved together, if ever their dissolution should occur." Did he not learn this from the divine history of Moses? For he knew that the creation of time received its original structure from days, months, and years. Since the first day, created along with the heavens, constituted the beginning of all time (for Moses wrote, "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth," and then immediately follows with, "And one day was made," as if designating the whole of time by one part of it), Plato calls the day "time," so he would not appear to be adopting Moses' expressions entirely and thus face accusations from the Athenians. And from what source did he obtain what he wrote regarding the dissolution of the heavens? Did he not learn this from the sacred prophets and consider it their doctrine?