The First Apology

But in no instance, not even among those called sons of Jupiter, did they imitate the crucified being; for it was not understood by them, since all things said about it were expressed symbolically. And this, as the prophet foretold, is the greatest symbol of His power and role, as demonstrated by the things we observe. Consider all the elements in the world—whether without this form they could be organized or have any community. The sea is not crossed without that trophy called a sail remaining safe in the ship; and the earth is not plowed without it.

Diggers and mechanics cannot do their work without tools of this shape. The human form differs from irrational animals in nothing else but its upright stance and extended hands, and having on the face, extending from the forehead, what is called the nose, through which the living creature breathes; and this resembles the cross.

Thus, the prophet said, “The breath before our face is the Lord Christ.” The power of this form is shown by your own symbols on what are called "banners" and trophies, with which all your state possessions are made, using these as the insignia of your authority and government, even though you do so unknowingly.

You consecrate the images of your emperors with this form when they die, and you name them gods with inscriptions. Since we have urged you both with reason and a clear form, and to the best of our ability, we know that now we are blameless even if you disbelieve; for our part is done and finished.