Dialogue with Trypho

And when everyone agreed, I said: "I would now present some passages which I hadn't mentioned before. They are recorded by the faithful servant Moses in parable and are as follows: 'Rejoice, O heavens, with Him, and let all the angels of God worship Him.'" Then I continued with the passage: "'Rejoice, O nations, with His people, and let all the angels of God be strengthened in Him: for He avenges the blood of His sons and will avenge, and will repay His enemies with vengeance, and will repay those that hate Him; and the Lord will purify the land of His people.' By these words, He declares that we, the nations, rejoice with His people—namely, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, the prophets, and all of that people who are pleasing to God, as agreed upon earlier.

But we won't accept it for all your nation, since we know from Isaiah that the bodies of those who have sinned will be consumed by the worm and unquenchable fire, remaining immortal, becoming a spectacle to all flesh.

But in addition to these, I wish, sirs," I said, "to add some more passages from the very words of Moses, from which you may understand that God has long ago dispersed all men according to their families and languages; and out of all families has taken to Himself your family—a useless, disobedient, and faithless generation; and has shown that those selected from every nation have obeyed His will through Christ, whom He also calls Jacob and names Israel—and these, then, as I mentioned before, must be Jacob and Israel.

For when He says, 'Rejoice, O nations, with His people,' He gives them the same inheritance but doesn't call them by the same name; when He says they as Gentiles rejoice with His people, He calls them Gentiles to criticize you. For just as you provoked Him with your idolatry, He has deemed those who were idolaters worthy of knowing His will and inheriting His inheritance."